DNA Forensics in Human Biotechnology
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of DNA forensics?

  • Apprehending suspects in criminal investigations (correct)
  • Tracking historical trends in mankind
  • Identifying endangered species
  • Resolving food-borne epidemics

    • In forensic cases, what is the purpose of matching a suspect with evidence?

  • Assessing the suspect's blood type
  • Linking the suspect to the crime scene (correct)
  • Identifying the suspect's ancestral lineage
  • Exonerating the suspect

    • Which of the following is NOT a potential source of biological evidence in forensic investigations?

  • Semen
  • Saliva
  • Blood
  • Fingerprint (correct)

    • What method was previously the most reliable for identifying individuals before the advent of DNA typing?

    <p>ABO blood grouping system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of paternity testing in DNA forensics?

    <p>Establishing the biological father of a child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does DNA typing exclude suspects in a criminal investigation?

    <p>By matching their DNA profile with the crime scene sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are DNA fingerprints more stable and have more markers compared to the ABO system?

    <p>DNA is stored in the nucleus, providing a more stable source for identification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are fingerprints useful in identifying contributors at a crime scene?

    <p>Fingerprints are unique for each individual and are left behind by everyone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do identical twins differ in their fingerprints despite sharing the same DNA fingerprints?

    <p>Their fingerprints develop differently due to environmental factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do current DNA tests for forensic investigations not provide information on race or physical characteristics?

    <p>Genes related to race and physical traits are not examined in current forensic DNA tests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the genome of each individual contribute to the uniqueness in DNA identification?

    <p>The genome contains genetic information from both parents, creating variability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does DNA testing assist in differentiating between individuals?

    <p>Small variations in an individual's DNA result in different genetic profiles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is RFLP analysis not always possible in forensic cases?

    <p>When the DNA is old and degraded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complicating factor arises in RFLP analysis when multiple individuals contribute to an evidentiary sample?

    <p>Mixtures of DNA profiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do typically non-sperm cells in sexual assault evidence originate from in victims?

    <p>Vaginal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the differential extraction procedure in DNA analysis?

    <p>To separate sperm cells from everything else</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge arises in non-sexual assault evidence with body fluid mixtures that do not contain semen?

    <p>Difficulty in differentiating DNA profiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does RFLP analysis require a greater amount of better quality DNA compared to newer STR PCR based techniques?

    <p>Because it can detect hyper variability at each locus</p> Signup and view all the answers

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