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Questions and Answers
What is the primary source of DNA used in modern forensics?
What are the two complementa strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) made up of?
What does DNA code for in our bodies?
How is DNA arranged in a molecule?
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What are the four bases involved in a DNA molecule?
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Study Notes
Primary Source of DNA in Forensics
- Modern forensics primarily utilizes DNA from biological materials such as blood, hair, saliva, and skin cells.
- Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA are commonly analyzed to identify individuals.
Structure of DNA
- DNA consists of two complementary strands, structured in a double helix formation.
- Each strand is composed of nucleotides that include a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Function of DNA
- DNA encodes genetic instructions essential for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms.
- It determines physical traits and influences how the body responds to various stimuli and diseases.
Arrangement of DNA Molecules
- DNA molecules are arranged into structures called chromosomes, which contain packed and coiled DNA around histone proteins.
- Human cells typically contain 46 chromosomes, organized into 23 pairs.
Four Bases of DNA
- The four nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).
- Adenine pairs with thymine, while cytosine pairs with guanine, forming the base pairs that hold the two strands together.
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Description
Test your knowledge about DNA analysis in forensic science and its applications in legal settings. Learn about the sources of DNA used in forensic analysis and the structure of DNA, including its role in containing genetic information and coding for proteins.
