6 Questions
What is the structure that contains genes made from DNA?
Chromosome
What is the total number of chromosomes in each human body cell?
46
What is the shape of the two chromosomes in a female's 23rd pair?
Identical X shapes
What is the term for the section of DNA that codes for a particular protein?
Gene
What is the process that occurs in the DNA when a cell is ready to divide?
Condensation
What is the term used to describe the combination of chromosomes in a male?
XY
Study Notes
DNA and Chromosomes
- DNA exists in the nucleus as thin strands, but it coils and condenses to form chromosomes when the cell is ready to divide.
- Each chromosome is made up of a single molecule of DNA.
- Each section of the DNA molecule contains a code for the production of a particular protein, called a gene.
Chromosome Structure
- Each human body cell contains 46 chromosomes, which can be arranged into 23 pairs.
- Each chromosome in a pair carries the same types of genes.
Sex Chromosomes
- The 23rd pair of chromosomes is the sex chromosomes.
- In females, the two chromosomes are identical in shape, known as X chromosomes, and are referred to as XX.
- In males, one of the chromosomes is different in shape, known as a Y chromosome, and are referred to as XY.
This quiz covers the structure and function of DNA, chromosomes, and genes. It explains how DNA exists in the nucleus, how it copies itself, and how it condenses into chromosomes. Learn about the relationship between cells, nuclei, chromosomes, and genes.
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