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Questions and Answers
What is the structure that contains genes made from DNA?
What is the structure that contains genes made from DNA?
- Cell
- Gene
- Chromosome (correct)
- Nucleus
What is the total number of chromosomes in each human body cell?
What is the total number of chromosomes in each human body cell?
- 47
- 48
- 23
- 46 (correct)
What is the shape of the two chromosomes in a female's 23rd pair?
What is the shape of the two chromosomes in a female's 23rd pair?
- One circular and one linear
- Identical X shapes (correct)
- Different shapes
- One X and one Y
What is the term for the section of DNA that codes for a particular protein?
What is the term for the section of DNA that codes for a particular protein?
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What is the process that occurs in the DNA when a cell is ready to divide?
What is the process that occurs in the DNA when a cell is ready to divide?
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What is the term used to describe the combination of chromosomes in a male?
What is the term used to describe the combination of chromosomes in a male?
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Study Notes
DNA and Chromosomes
- DNA exists in the nucleus as thin strands, but it coils and condenses to form chromosomes when the cell is ready to divide.
- Each chromosome is made up of a single molecule of DNA.
- Each section of the DNA molecule contains a code for the production of a particular protein, called a gene.
Chromosome Structure
- Each human body cell contains 46 chromosomes, which can be arranged into 23 pairs.
- Each chromosome in a pair carries the same types of genes.
Sex Chromosomes
- The 23rd pair of chromosomes is the sex chromosomes.
- In females, the two chromosomes are identical in shape, known as X chromosomes, and are referred to as XX.
- In males, one of the chromosomes is different in shape, known as a Y chromosome, and are referred to as XY.
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