10 Questions
Who first discovered the genetic role of DNA?
Frederick Griffith
What is transformation in the context of Griffith's research?
Change in genotype and phenotype due to assimilation of foreign DNA
What are bacteriophages?
Viruses that infect bacteria
What is the protective coat of a virus called?
Capsid
What did Griffith mix with living cells of the harmless bacterium to observe transformation?
Heat-killed remains of the pathogenic strain
What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase demonstrate in their experiment?
DNA is the genetic material of a phage known as T2
According to Chargaff's rules, what is the relationship between the number of A and T bases, and the number of G and C bases in any species?
The number of A and T bases is equal, and the number of G and C bases is equal
What did Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images of DNA allow James Watson to deduce?
That DNA was helical
In the Watson-Crick model, how do adenine (A) and thymine (T) form pairs?
Adenine (A) pairs only with thymine (T)
What does DNA replication ensure?
Transmission of genetic information
Study Notes
Discoverers of DNA's Genetic Role
- Frederick Griffith first discovered the genetic role of DNA through his transformation experiment.
Transformation in Griffith's Research
- Transformation is the process of altering the genetic material of a cell, which Griffith demonstrated by mixing a heat-killed virulent bacterium with living cells of a harmless bacterium.
Bacteriophages
- Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria.
Virus Structure
- The protective coat of a virus is called a capsid.
Griffith's Transformation Experiment
- Griffith mixed heat-killed virulent bacteria with living cells of the harmless bacterium to observe transformation.
Hershey-Chase Experiment
- Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of a virus, not its protein coat.
Chargaff's Rules
- According to Chargaff's rules, the number of A and T bases in a DNA molecule is equal to the number of G and C bases in any species.
Rosalind Franklin's Contribution
- Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images of DNA allowed James Watson to deduce the double helix structure of DNA.
Watson-Crick Model
- In the Watson-Crick model, adenine (A) and thymine (T) form pairs through hydrogen bonding, with A always pairing with T.
DNA Replication
- DNA replication ensures that the genetic information is duplicated accurately and passed on to the next generation.
Test your knowledge about the experiment conducted by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase to demonstrate that DNA is the genetic material of a phage known as T2. Explore concepts related to DNA as a polymer of nucleotides and its role in providing genetic information.
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