DNA and its extraction

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Questions and Answers

Which cellular component typically houses DNA?

  • Ribosome
  • Nucleus (correct)
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria

Mature red blood cells (RBCs) are unique because they lack which of the following?

  • Hemoglobin
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus (correct)

From which of the following sources can DNA be extracted for analysis?

  • Hair and Semen (correct)
  • Blood only
  • Epithelial cells only
  • Saliva only

What is the primary function of DNA?

<p>To provide the genetic blueprint for an organism to produce its characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a sample from a crime scene yields no DNA, which biological material was likely NOT present?

<p>Mature red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario would present a challenge for DNA extraction?

<p>Analyzing a sample of mature red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The genetic blueprint of an organism is primarily encoded in which molecule?

<p>DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In forensic science, why is DNA evidence considered so valuable?

<p>It can uniquely identify an individual (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which advancement would LEAST improve DNA extraction from a crime scene?

<p>Techniques for extracting DNA from mature red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following biological materials found at a crime scene would likely yield the MOST usable DNA?

<p>A few drops of blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Comparing DNA found at a crime scene to a suspect's DNA relies on what principle?

<p>The unique arrangement of base pairs in an individual's DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes DNA from other types of molecules?

<p>Its inherent informational content and heritability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher is studying a new type of cell and observes that it lacks a nucleus. Which of the following implications does this have for DNA?

<p>The cell might contain DNA, but it will not be housed in a nucleus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the process of DNA extraction, why is it important to avoid contamination?

<p>Contamination can lead to inaccurate or misleading results. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of DNA within cells supports its role as a genetic blueprint?

<p>Its precise sequence of nucleotides. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of DNA relate to the ability of forensic scientists to identify individuals from biological samples?

<p>Variations in DNA sequences provide a basis for distinguishing individuals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the MOST significant limitation in using hair samples without follicles for DNA analysis?

<p>Insufficient quantity of DNA. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it easier to extract DNA from blood when compared to other tissues?

<p>Blood cells are easily lysed to release DNA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process would LEAST likely lead to successful DNA extraction at a crime scene?

<p>Storing samples at room temperature for extended periods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ethical consideration is MOST relevant to the forensic use of DNA?

<p>Potential privacy violations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is DNA?

Genetic blueprint that contains instructions to create all characteristics of an organism.

Where is DNA located?

DNA is found within the nuclei of all types of cells in the body, with the exception of mature red blood cells (RBCs).

Sources of DNA at a crime scene?

DNA can be extracted from various biological materials found at a crime scene, including blood, skin, bone, semen, and hair.

Study Notes

  • DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic blueprint that dictates the production of all characteristics of an organism.
  • It is located within the nuclei of all cells, with the exception of mature red blood cells (RBCs).
  • Nucleic acid can be extracted from biological materials such as blood, skin, bone, semen, and hair, which can be crucial in crime scene investigations.

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