40 Questions
What is the primary mechanism of action for direct thrombin inhibitors like dabigatran?
Directly inhibiting the activity of thrombin
What is the primary mechanism of action for direct factor Xa inhibitors like rivaroxaban?
Directly inhibiting the activation of factor Xa
What is the primary mechanism of action for antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel?
Inhibiting platelet aggregation by inhibiting ADP binding to its receptor
What is the primary mechanism of action for glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists like abciximab?
Blocking the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor on platelets, preventing platelet activation
What is the primary mechanism of action for thrombolytics like alteplase?
Converting plasminogen to plasmin, which dissolves fibrin clots
What is the primary mechanism of action for hemostatic agents like aminocaproic acid?
Inactivating plasminogen, thereby stabilizing clots and reducing bleeding
Which of the following is a common adverse effect seen with direct thrombin inhibitors like dabigatran?
Bleeding
Which of the following is a common adverse effect seen with direct factor Xa inhibitors like rivaroxaban?
Bleeding
What is the recommended treatment for overdose with thrombolytics like alteplase?
Aminocaproic acid
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists like abciximab?
All of the above
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of low molecular weight heparins?
All of the above
Which medication class is enoxaparin a prototype of?
Low molecular weight heparins
Which of the following adverse effects is associated with the use of warfarin, an oral anticoagulant?
Hepatitis
Which of the following interactions should be considered when administering low molecular weight heparins?
All of the above
What is the recommended treatment for an overdose of low molecular weight heparins?
Protamine sulfate
Which of the following nursing considerations is important when administering low molecular weight heparins subcutaneously?
All of the above
What is the mechanism of action of warfarin, an oral anticoagulant?
Inhibits the synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of warfarin?
All of the above
Which of the following adverse effects is associated with the use of low molecular weight heparins?
All of the above
Which of the following interactions should be considered when administering warfarin?
All of the above
Which statement about verapamil is correct?
It is a calcium channel blocker that acts by decreasing cardiac output and heart rate.
Which statement about beta-1 adrenergic antagonists (beta blockers) is incorrect?
They should be abruptly discontinued to avoid rebound myocardial excitement.
Which statement about alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists (alpha blockers) is correct?
Doxazosin is an example of an alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist.
Which statement about the treatment of hypertensive emergencies is incorrect?
Nitroprusside should be continuously monitored due to its long half-life.
Which statement about cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, is correct?
Their adverse effects include dysrhythmias and cardiotoxicity (bradycardia).
Which statement about phosphodiesterase inhibitors, such as milrinone, is incorrect?
They have a long half-life and are suitable for long-term therapy.
Which statement about HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) is correct?
Their adverse effects include headache and gastrointestinal disturbances.
Which statement about bile acid sequestrants is incorrect?
They are first-line agents for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
Which statement about fibric acid agents is correct?
They are contraindicated in patients with hepatic impairment or severe renal dysfunction.
Which statement about anticoagulants, such as heparin, is incorrect?
Monitoring of the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is not required for heparin therapy.
Which diuretic is known for working in the loop of Henle and being fast-acting?
Furosemide
Which class of drugs works by blocking the action of angiotensin II receptors?
ACE Inhibitors
Which medication class is known for causing the adverse effect of persistent dry cough?
ACE Inhibitors
Which drug class is commonly indicated for patients who cannot tolerate ACE Inhibitors?
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
Which calcium channel blocker acts primarily on arterioles and arterial smooth muscle?
Nifedipine
Which medication is therapeutic for both hypertension and heart failure?
Lisinopril
Which drug class can lead to life-threatening angioedema as an adverse effect?
ACE Inhibitors
Which diuretic is associated with the adverse effect of dehydration and loss of electrolytes?
Furosemide
Which medication class is known for causing reflex tachycardia as an adverse effect?
Calcium Channel Blockers
Which medication class is specifically used for its vasodilatory effects and excretion of sodium and water in hypertension?
ARBs
Learn about the first line drugs for hypertension which reduce blood volume through urinary excretion of water and electrolytes. Focus on Thiazide as a diuretic that works in the distal tubule, with Hydrochlorothiazide as the prototype drug, and its adverse effects like dehydration. Explore nursing considerations for diuretics, including monitoring blood pressure and pulse.
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