Diuretics Classification Quiz

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What is the primary purpose of using diuretics in animals?

To remove extra water volume in animals with edema or volume overload (correct)

To induce beneficial hemodynamic effects before the onset of diuresis

To correct specific ion imbalances

To increase blood pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

Which diuretic class inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the thick, ascending loop of Henle?

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Thiazides

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Loop diuretics (correct)

What is the potential consequence of combining diuretics from different classes?

Maximal response within a class

Decreased renal perfusion

Increased fluid retention

Additive and potentially synergistic effects (correct)

What is the role of renal vasodilation induced by furosemide?

Dependent on the local synthesis of prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of diuretic action of furosemide after IV administration?

2 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of protein binding for furosemide?

91%–97% Signup and view all the answers

What is the clearance route of furosemide from the body?

Renal tubular secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the bioavailability of oral furosemide in small animals?

50% Signup and view all the answers

In which patients might higher-than-normal doses of furosemide be required?

Patients with renal disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the major adverse effect from acute administration of large doses of furosemide?

Acute decrease in intravascular volume Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diuretic is torsemide?

Loop diuretic Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the efficacy of furosemide after 14 days of repeated administration?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretics act on the proximal portion of the distal convoluted tubule to inhibit sodium reabsorption?

Thiazide diuretics Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretics decrease the renal excretion of calcium?

Thiazide diuretics Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction is a concern when administering furosemide?

NSAIDs Signup and view all the answers

Which potassium-sparing diuretic is most frequently used in veterinary medicine?

Spironolactone Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of aldosterone in the renal tubules?

Increase potassium and calcium reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

Why is spironolactone not recommended as monotherapy for heart failure?

It causes hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Inhibit the formation of carbonic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred route of administration for DMSO in large animals?

Intravenous Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of administering repeated doses of mannitol?

Edema Signup and view all the answers

Which system is activated in response to hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and decreases in blood pressure or cardiac output?

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of spironolactone at its receptor site?

Result in mild diuresis and potassium retention Signup and view all the answers

Why should spironolactone not be administered concurrently with potassium supplements?