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Questions and Answers
What are the hormones produced by the kidney that explain pathophysiology related to CKD?
What are the hormones produced by the kidney that explain pathophysiology related to CKD?
- Erythropoietin and Renin (correct)
- Cortisol and Aldosterone
- Insulin and Glucagon
- Thyroid hormone and Parathyroid hormone
What are the three categories of causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
What are the three categories of causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
- Preventable, genetic, and environmental
- Prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal (correct)
- Hormonal, metabolic, and structural
- Inflammatory, infectious, and degenerative
Which of the following is a diuretic's main action?
Which of the following is a diuretic's main action?
- Increasing glucose reabsorption
- Decreasing urine volume by increasing Na+ reabsorption
- Increasing urine volume by reducing Na+ reabsorption (correct)
- Reducing potassium excretion
What is the general mechanism of action of 'Osmotic diuretics'?
What is the general mechanism of action of 'Osmotic diuretics'?
What is a characteristic of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
What is a characteristic of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
Which of the following is a definition related to kidney diseases?
Which of the following is a definition related to kidney diseases?
What is the main action of most diuretics used clinically?
What is the main action of most diuretics used clinically?
What is an example of an 'Osmotic diuretic'?
What is an example of an 'Osmotic diuretic'?
What is a characteristic of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
What is a characteristic of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
What are the three categories of causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
What are the three categories of causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
What is the term for the loss of the kidney's ability to concentrate urine?
What is the term for the loss of the kidney's ability to concentrate urine?
What are five indications for dialysis?
What are five indications for dialysis?
Why are patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) at increased risk of developing pulmonary edema, ischemia, and acidosis?
Why are patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) at increased risk of developing pulmonary edema, ischemia, and acidosis?
What are anesthesia considerations for CKD/ESRD patients?
What are anesthesia considerations for CKD/ESRD patients?
What hormones produced by the kidney explain pathophysiology related to CKD?
What hormones produced by the kidney explain pathophysiology related to CKD?
What is the term for the substances that increase urine volume, while reducing Na+ reabsorption as their main action?
What is the term for the substances that increase urine volume, while reducing Na+ reabsorption as their main action?
What is the term for the reduced production of urine, often defined as less than 400 milliliters per day?
What is the term for the reduced production of urine, often defined as less than 400 milliliters per day?
Which of the following is a potential use of acetazolamide?
Which of the following is a potential use of acetazolamide?
What is a common side effect associated with loop diuretics?
What is a common side effect associated with loop diuretics?
Which condition is characterized by urine output less than 0.5 ml/kg/hr?
Which condition is characterized by urine output less than 0.5 ml/kg/hr?
What is the most common cause of perioperative Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
What is the most common cause of perioperative Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
What is the main effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and Na+ channel blockers?
What is the main effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and Na+ channel blockers?
What is the primary function of thiazide diuretics?
What is the primary function of thiazide diuretics?
What is the characteristic response to hypoxia induced by altitude?
What is the characteristic response to hypoxia induced by altitude?
What is the effect of acetazolamide on HCO3- reabsorption?
What is the effect of acetazolamide on HCO3- reabsorption?
What is the main action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
What is the main action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
What is a defining characteristic of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
What is a defining characteristic of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
What is the most likely cause of oliguria in the perioperative setting?
What is the most likely cause of oliguria in the perioperative setting?
What is a potential consequence of administering large volumes of 0.9% NaCl intraoperatively?
What is a potential consequence of administering large volumes of 0.9% NaCl intraoperatively?
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