Diuretics and Electrolyte Balance

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Questions and Answers

What is a common effect of all diuretics on renal function?

  • They increase blood pressure
  • They cause renal failure due to decreased ECV (correct)
  • They improve renal function
  • They have no effect on renal function

What is the effect of potassium-sparing diuretics on potassium levels?

  • They increase potassium levels (correct)
  • They fluctuate potassium levels
  • They decrease potassium levels
  • They have no effect on potassium levels

What is the effect of loop diuretics on calcium levels?

  • They have no effect on calcium levels
  • They increase calcium levels
  • They decrease calcium levels (correct)
  • They fluctuate calcium levels

What is the effect of thiazide diuretics on calcium levels?

<p>They increase calcium levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of potassium-sparing diuretics on aldosterone levels?

<p>They decrease aldosterone levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Diuretics and Electrolyte Balance

  • All diuretics can cause renal failure due to decreased effective circulating volume (ECV).
  • All diuretics decrease potassium (K) levels, except for potassium-sparing diuretics, which increase potassium levels.

Diuretics and Acid-Base Balance

  • All diuretics cause metabolic alkalosis, except for:
    • Potassium-sparing diuretics, which decrease aldosterone, leading to increased H+ secretion.
    • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CA), which increase HCO3- excretion.

Diuretics and Calcium Balance

  • Loop diuretics decrease calcium levels.
  • Thiazide diuretics increase calcium levels.

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