Distribution of Earthquakes and Volcanoes
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Questions and Answers

What is the main source of magma in the Earth's interior?

  • Asthenosphere (correct)
  • Crust
  • Mantle
  • Moho's discontinuity
  • Which part of the Earth is known to be brittle in nature?

  • Crust (correct)
  • Mantle
  • Asthenosphere
  • Moho's discontinuity
  • What is the average thickness of the oceanic crust?

  • 80 km
  • 30 km
  • 70 km
  • 5 km (correct)
  • Which region has a continental crust that can be as thick as 70 km?

    <p>Himalayan region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the gravitation force (g) greater near the poles compared to the equator?

    <p>The distance from the center of the earth is less at the poles than at the equator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weak zone within the mantle called?

    <p>Asthenosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the difference between observed gravity readings and expected values?

    <p>Gravity anomaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do magnetic surveys help understand the distribution of materials in the crustal portion?

    <p>By providing information about magnetic materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From where to where does the mantle extend in the Earth's interior?

    <p>Crust to 2,900 km deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes an earthquake to occur according to the text?

    <p>Release of energy along a fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are seismic waves crucial for understanding the interior of the earth?

    <p>They provide insights into the layered interior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the uneven distribution of mass within the earth influence gravity values?

    <p>It affects the gravitational force at different locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the material in the upper mantle portion called before it reaches the surface?

    <p>Magma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in the materials that reach the ground during volcanic eruptions?

    <p>Hydrogen compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification basis used for categorizing volcanoes?

    <p>Nature of eruption and surface form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of volcano is considered the largest on Earth, except for basalt flows?

    <p>Shield Volcanoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what depth is the core-mantle boundary located?

    <p>2,900 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element primarily constitutes the core of the Earth?

    <p>Nickel and Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of information about the earth's interior discussed in the text?

    <p>Surface rock samples from mining areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it not possible to drill beyond 3 - 4 km in gold mines in South Africa?

    <p>Because it becomes very hot at greater depths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of materials have scientists analyzed to gain knowledge about the earth's interior?

    <p>Surface rock from mining areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two major drilling projects mentioned in the text for exploring the earth's crustal portions?

    <p>Deep Ocean Drilling Project and Integrated Ocean Drilling Project</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deepest depth reached by a drill according to the text?

    <p>12 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is most of our knowledge about the earth's interior based on estimates and inferences?

    <p>Because direct observations are not possible due to extreme conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of intrusive body is a batholith?

    <p>Large dome-shaped body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lacoliths different from batholiths?

    <p>Lacoliths have a level base connected by a pipe-like conduit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following intrusive bodies is formed concave to the sky and is known as lapolith?

    <p>Saucer-shaped body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of a lacolith?

    <p>Level base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are wavy masses of intrusive rocks sometimes found according to the text?

    <p>At the top of anticline in folded igneous country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intrusive body can be considered as the localised source of lava that finds its way to the surface?

    <p>Lacolith</p> Signup and view all the answers

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