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Questions and Answers
What is a distributed system?
What is a key advantage of a distributed system compared to a centralized system?
Why are distributed systems important in modern applications?
What is a characteristic of a distributed system?
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What is an example of a distributed system?
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What is required for a distributed system to function?
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What is communicated between machines in a distributed system?
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What is important for reliable communication in a distributed system?
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What was the primary reason for the creation of distributed systems?
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In a client-server architecture, what is the role of the server?
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What is a characteristic of three-tier architecture?
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Which of the following is an example of a multi-tier architecture?
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What is a characteristic of peer-to-peer architecture?
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Which of the following is an example of a peer-to-peer architecture?
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Study Notes
Distributed Systems
- A group of computers working together to appear as a single computer to the end-user.
- A collection of independent components located on different machines that share messages to achieve common goals.
Centralized System vs Distributed System
- Centralized system: State stored on a single computer, simpler, easier to understand, and can be faster for a single user.
- Distributed system: State divided over multiple computers, more robust, more scalable, and more complex.
Why Build a Distributed System?
- One interface to the end-user.
- Maximize resources and information while preventing failures.
- Reliability: if one system fails, it won't affect the availability of the service.
- Dependency on cloud and scaling.
Characteristics of Distributed Systems
- Growing and everywhere in modern applications.
- Rely on distributed systems such as networks, LAN/Internet, distributed real-time systems, parallel processing, cloud computing, distributed artificial intelligence, and distributed database systems.
Essential Components of Distributed Systems
- Network that connects all components.
- Hardware or software that communicates with each other through IP addresses.
- Messages passed between machines containing data that systems want to share (e.g., databases, objects, files).
Four Architecture Types
Client-Server
- A server as a shared resource (e.g., printer, database, web server).
- Multiple clients use the shared resource.
Three-Tier
- Clients no longer need to be intelligent.
- Can rely on a middle tier to do processing and decision-making.
- Most first web applications fall under this category.
Multi-Tier (n-Tier)
- Enterprise web services created n-tier or multi-tier systems architectures.
- Interacts with data tiers and presentation tiers (e.g., google.com).
Peer-to-Peer
- No centralized or special machine that does the heavy lifting and intelligent work.
- All decision-making and responsibilities are split amongst the machines involved.
- Each machine can take on client or server roles (e.g., blockchain).
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Description
Learn about the basics of distributed systems, including how they differ from centralized systems, and their advantages and disadvantages.
