Podcast
Questions and Answers
What did Rosalind Franklin's X-Ray Crystallography of DNA reveal in the 1950s?
What did Rosalind Franklin's X-Ray Crystallography of DNA reveal in the 1950s?
- The amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine
- The double ring structure of purines
- The base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds
- A regular and repetitive pattern (correct)
What rule did Edwin Chargaff find to be true for all species when analyzing DNA samples?
What rule did Edwin Chargaff find to be true for all species when analyzing DNA samples?
- The amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine (correct)
- Adenine and thymine have two hydrogen bonds
- Cytosine and guanine have three hydrogen bonds
- Purines have a double ring structure
What is the structural difference between purines and pyrimidines?
What is the structural difference between purines and pyrimidines?
- Purines have a double ring structure, while pyrimidines have a single ring structure (correct)
- Purines have three hydrogen bonds, while pyrimidines have two hydrogen bonds
- Purines have two hydrogen bonds, while pyrimidines have one hydrogen bond
- Purines have a single ring structure, while pyrimidines have a double ring structure
How are the base pairs held together in DNA?
How are the base pairs held together in DNA?
What role do hydrogen bonds play in DNA replication?
What role do hydrogen bonds play in DNA replication?
If a DNA sample is analyzed and 22% is cytosine, how much thymine would you expect in the sample?
If a DNA sample is analyzed and 22% is cytosine, how much thymine would you expect in the sample?
What did Watson and Crick combine to create the first 3D, double helix model of DNA?
What did Watson and Crick combine to create the first 3D, double helix model of DNA?
What are the key features of DNA structure according to the text?
What are the key features of DNA structure according to the text?
Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells according to the text?
Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells according to the text?
What are plasmids primarily found in, according to the text?
What are plasmids primarily found in, according to the text?
What can be done with plasmids in laboratories according to the text?
What can be done with plasmids in laboratories according to the text?
Which of the following scientists performed X-Ray Crystallography of DNA in the 1950s?
Which of the following scientists performed X-Ray Crystallography of DNA in the 1950s?
What is the number of hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine in DNA?
What is the number of hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine in DNA?
Which statement accurately describes the nucleotide structure of purines and pyrimidines?
Which statement accurately describes the nucleotide structure of purines and pyrimidines?
How did Edwin Chargaff's analysis of DNA samples contribute to our understanding of DNA composition?
How did Edwin Chargaff's analysis of DNA samples contribute to our understanding of DNA composition?
In DNA, what holds the base pairs together?
In DNA, what holds the base pairs together?
What role do hydrogen bonds play in DNA replication?
What role do hydrogen bonds play in DNA replication?
What is the primary source of heritable information in some viruses, as mentioned in the text?
What is the primary source of heritable information in some viruses, as mentioned in the text?
In prokaryotic cells, where is DNA found according to the text?
In prokaryotic cells, where is DNA found according to the text?
Which of the following statements about plasmids is true?
Which of the following statements about plasmids is true?
What are the key differences between RNA and DNA, as mentioned in the text?
What are the key differences between RNA and DNA, as mentioned in the text?
What was Chargaff's rule, as mentioned in the text?
What was Chargaff's rule, as mentioned in the text?
What comprises the backbone of DNA, as mentioned in the text?
What comprises the backbone of DNA, as mentioned in the text?
What type of bond holds together nucleotides, as mentioned in the text?
What type of bond holds together nucleotides, as mentioned in the text?
What are plasmids primarily found in?
What are plasmids primarily found in?
Which statement about DNA structure is true based on the text?
Which statement about DNA structure is true based on the text?
What did Watson and Crick combine to create the first 3D, double helix model of DNA?
What did Watson and Crick combine to create the first 3D, double helix model of DNA?
Flashcards
Rosalind Franklin's X-Ray Crystallography
Rosalind Franklin's X-Ray Crystallography
Revealed DNA's regular, repeating pattern (1950s).
Chargaff's Rule
Chargaff's Rule
A=T and C=G; adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine with guanine.
Purines
Purines
DNA bases with a double-ring structure (adenine and guanine).
Pyrimidines
Pyrimidines
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Hydrogen Bonds in DNA
Hydrogen Bonds in DNA
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DNA Replication
DNA Replication
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DNA Nucleotide Composition
DNA Nucleotide Composition
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Watson & Crick DNA Model
Watson & Crick DNA Model
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DNA structure features
DNA structure features
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Eukaryotic DNA Location
Eukaryotic DNA Location
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Plasmids Location
Plasmids Location
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Plasmid Manipulation
Plasmid Manipulation
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X-Ray Crystallography Scientist
X-Ray Crystallography Scientist
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A-T Hydrogen Bonds
A-T Hydrogen Bonds
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Purine-Pyrimidine Structure
Purine-Pyrimidine Structure
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Chargaff's analysis contribution
Chargaff's analysis contribution
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DNA Base Pairing
DNA Base Pairing
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Hydrogen Bonds Replication Role
Hydrogen Bonds Replication Role
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Viral Heritable Information
Viral Heritable Information
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Prokaryotic DNA Location
Prokaryotic DNA Location
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Plasmid Function
Plasmid Function
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RNA and DNA Differences
RNA and DNA Differences
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Chargaff's rule
Chargaff's rule
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DNA Backbone
DNA Backbone
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Nucleotide Bonding
Nucleotide Bonding
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Plasmid Location
Plasmid Location
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DNA Strandedness
DNA Strandedness
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Watson and Crick Model Components
Watson and Crick Model Components
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Study Notes
DNA Structure and Composition
- Rosalind Franklin's X-Ray Crystallography of DNA in the 1950s revealed the double helix structure of DNA
- Edwin Chargaff's analysis of DNA samples revealed that the amount of adenine (A) is always equal to the amount of thymine (T), and the amount of guanine (G) is always equal to the amount of cytosine (C)
- This rule, known as Chargaff's rule, applies to all species and is essential for the replication of DNA
Base Pairs and Hydrogen Bonds
- The structural difference between purines (A and G) and pyrimidines (T and C) is that purines are larger and double-ringed, while pyrimidines are smaller and single-ringed
- Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T) and Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C) to form base pairs
- Hydrogen bonds hold the base pairs together, with two hydrogen bonds between A and T and three hydrogen bonds between G and C
- Hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in DNA replication by allowing the double helix to unwind and separate
DNA Components and Location
- DNA is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells
- Plasmids are primarily found in bacteria and are small, self-replicating circular DNA molecules
- Plasmids can be used in laboratories to manipulate DNA, introduce genes into cells, and study gene expression
Historical Contributions
- Rosalind Franklin performed X-Ray Crystallography of DNA in the 1950s
- Watson and Crick combined Franklin's X-Ray Crystallography data with Chargaff's rule to create the first 3D, double helix model of DNA
DNA Properties and Facts
- If a DNA sample contains 22% cytosine, it would expect to have 28% guanine and 50% adenine and thymine combined
- The backbone of DNA is comprised of sugar molecules (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups
- Nucleotides are held together by phosphodiester bonds
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Description
Test your knowledge about the discovery of DNA structure in the 1950s, including the contributions of Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallography and Edwin Chargaff's findings on DNA samples from different species.
