Discovering Sumer

Mesopotamia Geography

• Mesopotamia is home to two major rivers: the Tigris and the Euphrates.
• These rivers played a crucial role in the development of ancient civilizations in the region.

Population Growth in the Zagros Foothills

• A sudden increase in population in the Zagros foothills was caused by improved agricultural techniques and practices.
• This led to more efficient food production, supporting larger communities.

Food Shortages in the Zagros Foothills

• Food shortages occurred due to environmental factors such as drought and limited arable land.
• The rising population put pressure on agricultural resources, exacerbating the scarcity of food.

Migration Motivations

• People began migrating south from the Zagros foothills in search of more fertile land.
• The southern regions offered better agricultural opportunities because of the rich alluvial plains created by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

Dams in Sumer

• The primary purpose of building dams in Sumer was to control and manage river water for irrigation purposes.
• These structures helped prevent flooding, ensured a reliable water supply, and supported agricultural productivity.