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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true about personality disorders?
Which cluster of personality disorders includes Paranoid PD, Schizoid PD, and Schizotypal PD?
What is the core feature of personality disorders?
What is the prevalence of personality disorders in Australian adults?
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Which personality disorder has the highest genetic loading?
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What is the aetiology of personality disorders?
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Which personality disorder is associated with pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behavior?
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Which personality disorder is characterized by preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control?
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What is the name of the diagnostic manual that includes personality disorder diagnoses divided into three clusters: A, B, and C?
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Which cluster of personality disorders includes Antisocial PD, Borderline PD, Histrionic PD, and Narcissistic PD?
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What is the name of the psychosocial treatment for personality disorders that targets dysfunctional emotion regulation?
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What are schema perpetuation in personality disorders?
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Which of the following is NOT a core feature of personality disorders?
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Which cluster of personality disorders includes Borderline PD?
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Which of the following is NOT a personality disorder in Cluster C?
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What is the prevalence of personality disorders in Western countries?
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What is the main focus of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?
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Which personality disorder is associated with heightened activation in the amygdala?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Avoidant PD?
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What is the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD)?
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Which cluster of personality disorders includes Schizotypal PD?
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What is the main challenge in treating personality disorders?
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Which personality disorder is associated with an inflated sense of ego due to too much praise in childhood?
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What is the aetiology of personality disorders?
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Which of the following is a core feature of personality disorders?
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What is the prevalence of personality disorders in Western countries?
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Which of the following is NOT a personality disorder in Cluster A?
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What is the name of the dimensional model of personality disorders in the DSM-5 appendix?
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Which personality disorder is associated with fears of rejection and inadequacy?
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Which of the following is a proposed aetiology of personality disorders?
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Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of?
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Which of the following is NOT a schema perpetuation in personality disorders?
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What is the name of the psychosocial treatment for personality disorders that targets dysfunctional emotion regulation?
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Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by odd or eccentric behavior?
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Which personality disorder is associated with an inflated sense of ego due to too much praise in childhood?
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Which of the following is a proposed cognitive model for personality disorders?
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Study Notes
Personality Disorders: Definitions, Features, and DSM-5 Diagnoses
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Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
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Personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture and is manifested in cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, and impulse control.
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Core features of personality disorders include functional inflexibility, self-defeating behavior patterns, and tenuous stability under stress.
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DSM-5 is a diagnostic manual that includes personality disorder diagnoses divided into three clusters: A, B, and C.
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Cluster A includes Paranoid PD, Schizoid PD, and Schizotypal PD.
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Cluster B includes Antisocial PD, Borderline PD, Histrionic PD, and Narcissistic PD.
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Cluster C includes Avoidant PD, Dependent PD, and Obsessive-Compulsive PD.
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Aetiology of personality disorders is not well understood but may involve genetic factors, deficits in emotional and social processing, and ecological niche where PD works in favor.
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Borderline PD is associated with sexual and physical abuse, parental hostility/verbal abuse, neglectful and invalidating environments, and increased hippocampal volumes and heightened activation in amygdala.
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Narcissistic PD has the highest genetic loading and is associated with early childhood experiences where the child’s needs for nurturing and affection were not met or too much praise leading to an inflated sense of ego.
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Avoidant PD is associated with high restraint as children, high neuroticism, low extroversion, and shyness in childhood; higher incidence of avoidant PD in first-degree relatives.
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Dependent PD is associated with pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behavior.Understanding Personality Disorders: Diagnosis, Aetiology, and Treatment
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Personality disorders are characterized by pervasive and inflexible patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that deviate from cultural norms and lead to significant distress and impairment.
-
The DSM-5 categorizes personality disorders into three clusters: Cluster A (odd or eccentric), Cluster B (dramatic, emotional, or erratic), and Cluster C (anxious or fearful).
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Avoidant personality disorder (Cluster C) is characterized by fears of rejection and inadequacy, while dependent personality disorder (Cluster C) is characterized by a strong need for nurturance and support.
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Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (Cluster C) is characterized by preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control.
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Personality disorders have a prevalence of 6.5% in Australian adults, 13% in Oslo, and 12% in Western countries.
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The aetiology of personality disorders involves genetic predisposition and life events, such as disrupted attachment, trauma, neglect, and deprivation.
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Cognitive models propose that maladaptive core beliefs or schemas, such as abandonment, entitlement, and unrelenting standards, underlie personality disorders and are resistant to change.
-
Schema perpetuation in personality disorders can occur through schema surrender, schema avoidance, and schema overcompensation.
-
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a psychosocial treatment for personality disorders that targets dysfunctional emotion regulation.
-
There are ongoing questions about the role of culture, gender, and ecological niche in the development and conceptualization of personality disorders, as well as the increasing prevalence or recognition of personality disorders.
-
Personality disorders are associated with stigma and low self-esteem, but strengths-based approaches that focus on individual abilities and assets may facilitate better outcomes.
-
Treatment of personality disorders is challenging due to the lack of evidence-based treatments, comorbidity with other disorders, and impaired social and interpersonal function.
-
There is growing support for dimensional models of personality disorders, such as the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) in the DSM-5 appendix and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) dimensional model, which emphasize impairments in personality functioning and pathological personality traits.
Personality Disorders: Definitions, Features, and DSM-5 Diagnoses
-
Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
-
Personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture and is manifested in cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, and impulse control.
-
Core features of personality disorders include functional inflexibility, self-defeating behavior patterns, and tenuous stability under stress.
-
DSM-5 is a diagnostic manual that includes personality disorder diagnoses divided into three clusters: A, B, and C.
-
Cluster A includes Paranoid PD, Schizoid PD, and Schizotypal PD.
-
Cluster B includes Antisocial PD, Borderline PD, Histrionic PD, and Narcissistic PD.
-
Cluster C includes Avoidant PD, Dependent PD, and Obsessive-Compulsive PD.
-
Aetiology of personality disorders is not well understood but may involve genetic factors, deficits in emotional and social processing, and ecological niche where PD works in favor.
-
Borderline PD is associated with sexual and physical abuse, parental hostility/verbal abuse, neglectful and invalidating environments, and increased hippocampal volumes and heightened activation in amygdala.
-
Narcissistic PD has the highest genetic loading and is associated with early childhood experiences where the child’s needs for nurturing and affection were not met or too much praise leading to an inflated sense of ego.
-
Avoidant PD is associated with high restraint as children, high neuroticism, low extroversion, and shyness in childhood; higher incidence of avoidant PD in first-degree relatives.
-
Dependent PD is associated with pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behavior.Understanding Personality Disorders: Diagnosis, Aetiology, and Treatment
-
Personality disorders are characterized by pervasive and inflexible patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that deviate from cultural norms and lead to significant distress and impairment.
-
The DSM-5 categorizes personality disorders into three clusters: Cluster A (odd or eccentric), Cluster B (dramatic, emotional, or erratic), and Cluster C (anxious or fearful).
-
Avoidant personality disorder (Cluster C) is characterized by fears of rejection and inadequacy, while dependent personality disorder (Cluster C) is characterized by a strong need for nurturance and support.
-
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (Cluster C) is characterized by preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control.
-
Personality disorders have a prevalence of 6.5% in Australian adults, 13% in Oslo, and 12% in Western countries.
-
The aetiology of personality disorders involves genetic predisposition and life events, such as disrupted attachment, trauma, neglect, and deprivation.
-
Cognitive models propose that maladaptive core beliefs or schemas, such as abandonment, entitlement, and unrelenting standards, underlie personality disorders and are resistant to change.
-
Schema perpetuation in personality disorders can occur through schema surrender, schema avoidance, and schema overcompensation.
-
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a psychosocial treatment for personality disorders that targets dysfunctional emotion regulation.
-
There are ongoing questions about the role of culture, gender, and ecological niche in the development and conceptualization of personality disorders, as well as the increasing prevalence or recognition of personality disorders.
-
Personality disorders are associated with stigma and low self-esteem, but strengths-based approaches that focus on individual abilities and assets may facilitate better outcomes.
-
Treatment of personality disorders is challenging due to the lack of evidence-based treatments, comorbidity with other disorders, and impaired social and interpersonal function.
-
There is growing support for dimensional models of personality disorders, such as the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) in the DSM-5 appendix and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) dimensional model, which emphasize impairments in personality functioning and pathological personality traits.
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Description
Test your knowledge on personality disorders with our quiz! This quiz will cover definitions, features, and DSM-5 diagnoses of personality disorders, as well as their aetiology and treatment. See how much you know about the different clusters of personality disorders, their core features, and the cognitive models that underlie them. Learn about the prevalence and stigma associated with personality disorders, as well as the ongoing questions surrounding their conceptualization and treatment. Take the quiz now and challenge yourself to become an expert on personality
