Disaster Risk Management Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (RA 10121)?

  • Establishing a comprehensive, multi-sectoral approach to disaster risk management. (correct)
  • Enforcing penalties for prohibited acts related to relief goods.
  • Providing immediate relief to disaster victims.
  • Focusing on the emotional distress of disaster victims.

    • Which of the following actions is NOT considered a prohibited act under R.A. 10121 regarding disaster relief?

  • Distributing relief goods from one agency using the original untampered containers. (correct)
  • Purchasing relief goods for personal consumption from a disaster relief agency.
  • Substituting higher quality relief goods with lower quality alternatives.
  • Selling relief goods intended for victims for profit.

    • According to the provided information, which of these describes 'risk'?

  • A measure to reduce the frequency or severity of losses.
  • A sudden event that causes mass destruction.
  • The process of rebuilding after a disaster.
  • The possibility of something adverse happening. (correct)

    • If a public official is convicted of violating R.A. 10121, what is one of the penalties they might face besides fines and imprisonment?

    <p>Perpetual disqualification from holding public office.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic that distinguishes a 'disaster' from other events?

    <p>It is a sudden event that causes significant harm and disrupts normal life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes the total effect of a hazardous event or a disaster?

    <p>Disaster impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST describes the application of disaster risk reduction policies and strategies?

    <p>Disaster Risk Management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the NDRRMC in disaster management?

    <p>To facilitate coordination, mobilize resources and manage information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the lack of ability to withstand a hazard or respond after a disaster?

    <p>Vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a type of vulnerability in disaster management?

    <p>Political vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of 'capacity' refer to in the context of disaster management?

    <p>The resources available to manage and reduce disaster risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of emergency management focuses on preventing harmful events or reducing their harmful effects?

    <p>Mitigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'response' phase in emergency management?

    <p>To provide immediate assistance and restore infrastructure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between hazards and disasters?

    <p>Hazards become disasters only when they cause harm and disruption to human populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, what is most significantly affected by environmental degradation?

    <p>The frequency and intensity of hazards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate impact of natural disasters, particularly mentioned in the document?

    <p>Population displacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides the immediate displacement of populations, what is another health risk associated with the aftermath of disasters?

    <p>The breeding of waterborne bacteria and malaria-carrying mosquitoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are children considered particularly vulnerable when confronting natural disasters?

    <p>They are prone to long lasting psychological damage due to PTSD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a 'hazard' from a 'risk' according to the text?

    <p>A hazard poses a threat with less critical consequences, while a risk completely causes damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances does a hazard escalate into a disaster?

    <p>When a hazard happens in a densely populated area that damages lives and livelihoods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of man-made disasters that sets them apart from natural disasters?

    <p>They are caused by direct, identifiable human actions, either intentional or non-intentional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT an example of a natural disaster?

    <p>Terrorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a technological/industrial disaster from other types of man-made disasters?

    <p>It stems from unregulated industrialization and inadequate safety standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these best describes 'Complex Humanitarian Emergencies'?

    <p>Emergencies resulting from wars leading to massive displacement of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 'Risk Factors' in the context of disaster management, according to the text?

    <p>Processes that increase the level of exposure and vulnerability of a community.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the level of vulnerability and exposure to hazards be reduced?

    <p>By locating people and property as far away as possible from hazards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is LEAST likely to develop mental health issues following a disaster, according to their exposure?

    <p>Those aware of the disaster only through news</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic tends to experience more adverse effects following a disaster?

    <p>Females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compared to adults, how do children generally exhibit stress levels after a disaster?

    <p>Children exhibit more stress than adults.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of countries are severe mental problems resulting from disasters more prevalent?

    <p>Developing countries like the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can increase disaster risk by altering the frequency and intensity of hazard events?

    <p>Climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does environmental degradation affect the risk of disasters?

    <p>It influences the frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as exposure to them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are impoverished people at higher risk during disasters?

    <p>They are more likely to live in hazard-exposed areas and have fewer resources to reduce risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does weak governance play in increasing disaster risks?

    <p>It creates environments where public sector actors are unable or unwilling to safeguard rights, services, and safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Disaster Definition

    • A serious disruption to a community or society, any size, caused by hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability, and capacity.

    Disaster Damage

    • Occurs during and immediately after the disaster.

    Disaster Impact

    • The total effect of a hazardous event or disaster.

    Disaster Risk Management

    • Application of disaster risk reduction policies and strategies to prevent new disaster risks.
    • Tasks of the NDRRMC (National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council) include coordination, mobilization of resources, response management, and information management (including communications).

    Exposure

    • The situation of people, infrastructure, housing, production capacities, and other tangible assets located in hazard-prone areas.

    Vulnerability

    • Inability to resist a hazard or respond when a disaster occurs.

    Types of Vulnerabilities in Disaster Management

    • Physical Vulnerability
    • Social Vulnerability
    • Economic Vulnerability
    • Environmental Vulnerability

    Capacity

    • The combination of strengths, attributes, and resources within an organization, community, or society to manage and reduce disaster risks and strengthen resilience.

    Readiness

    • Process used to mitigate, prepare, respond, and recover from disasters.
    • The ultimate purpose of emergency management is to save lives, preserve the environment, and protect property and the economy.

    Mitigation

    • Reducing harmful effects by preventing a disaster.

    Preparedness

    • Set of actions taken as precautionary measure ahead of potential hazards or disasters.

    Response

    • Immediate actions such as warning/evacuation, search and rescue, providing assistance, assessing damage, and restoring/constructing infrastructure.

    Recovery

    • Phase taking place after a disaster, focusing on rebuilding.

    Risk

    • Possibility of something bad happening.
    • Measures to reduce the frequency or severity of losses are known as loss control.

    Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (RA 10121)

    • Comprehensive, all-hazard, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk management.
    • Framework for National Disaster Risk Management

    Penalties of RA 10121

    • Fines ranging from ₱50,000 to ₱500,000 and imprisonment of 6 to 12 years.
    • Perpetual disqualification from holding public office and confiscation of objects, at the court's discretion.

    Prohibited Acts

    • Buying goods from disaster relief agencies for personal use or resale.
    • Selling relief goods intended for victims or substituting them with inferior/cheaper quality items.
    • Falsely claiming relief goods originated from another organization or person.

    Disaster (Definition)

    • A sudden, calamitous event causing great harm, injury, destruction.

    Hazard

    • Dangerous situation threatening human life.
    • Situations with less critical consequences, developing after a series of events.

    Risk

    • Event completely damaging human life and property.
    • More critical consequences, catastrophic effects often happening in a short time.

    When a Hazard Becomes a Disaster?

    • A hazard becomes a disaster if it occurs where many people live or have their livelihoods, causing damage.

    Classification of Disasters

    • Natural Disasters
      • Earthquakes, typhoons, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, fires, tornados, and extreme temperatures.
    • Man-Made Disasters
      • Disasters caused by intentional or non-intentional human actions.

    Subdivided Categories of Disasters

    • Technological/Industrial disasters
    • Terrorism/violence
    • Complex humanitarian emergencies

    Technological/Industrial Disaster

    • Unregulated industrialization and inadequate safety standards increase the risk for industrial disasters (e.g., hazardous material leaks).

    Terrorism/Violence

    • Spread of technologies for weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, biological, and chemical).

    Complex Humanitarian Emergencies

    • Humanitarian emergency resulting from international or civil war, affecting large numbers of people displaced.

    Risk Factors for Disasters

    • Processes/conditions, often development-related, influencing disaster risk by increasing exposure/ vulnerability or reducing capacity

    Severity of Exposure

    • Measures those who experience disasters firsthand, having the highest risk of developing future mental problems.

    Factors that Underlie Disasters

    • Climate change altering hazard frequency/intensity/exposure patterns
    • Environmental degradation impacting hazard occurrence
    • Globalized economic development (increased polarization)
    • Poverty and inequality, people living in hazard-prone areas, lacking resources for risk reduction
    • Poorly planned urban development

    Weak Governance

    • Public sector actors unable or unwilling to assume roles in protecting rights, providing basic services, and managing disaster risks, disproportionately affecting low-income countries

    Disaster and Its Effects

    • A damaging event with loss of life, property, or human operations.
    • Hazard is a dangerous situation with threat to humans.
    • Disaster is when hazards affect people, and society.

    Human Effects of Disasters

    • Displacement of populations (e.g., earthquakes, natural disasters)
    • Health risks due to stagnant water or malaria-carrying mosquitos
    • Food scarcity in disaster aftermath
    • Emotional distress, especially in children

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    Disaster Risk Reduction and Management PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts related to disaster risk management, including definitions of disasters, types of vulnerabilities, and the roles of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. Test your knowledge on the impact of disasters and strategies for risk reduction.

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