Disaster Risk Management and Cultural Heritage
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Questions and Answers

A ______ can be used to purify drinking water.

tablet

The ______ phase of disaster risk management focuses on planning and training for potential disasters.

Preparedness

The acronym CBDRM stands for ______ Based Disaster Risk Management.

Community

One of the principles of CBDRM is a ______ process and content.

<p>Participatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

The emergency survival kit includes a ______ with a toilet seat lid for sanitation.

<p>bucket</p> Signup and view all the answers

The stage that involves putting permanent measures into place to minimize disaster risk is called ______.

<p>Prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

In case of a fire, you should ______, drop to the ground, and roll until the flames go out.

<p>stop</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a fire emergency, if you encounter a warm door handle, it is important to use your ______ way out.

<p>second</p> Signup and view all the answers

To use a fire extinguisher effectively, you should ______ the pin to unlock it.

<p>pull</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smoke alarms should be tested once a ______ to ensure they are functioning properly.

<p>month</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Framework emphasizes understanding disaster risk.

<p>Sendai</p> Signup and view all the answers

Special ______ are in place to protect cultural heritage sites during emergencies.

<p>Protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Code enforces construction standards to ensure safety from disasters.

<p>Building</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ Plan develops strategies to address climate change risks.

<p>Climate Adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Phase is when DRRM officials facilitate the evacuation of the community.

<p>Evacuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Understanding Disaster Risk

Understanding the likelihood and potential impact of disasters, including factors like vulnerability and exposure.

Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance

This involves establishing policies, laws, and institutions to manage a country's disaster risks.

Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction

Investing in projects and measures that reduce disaster risk and build resilience in communities.

Emergency Protocols

Procedures for agencies to follow during a disaster to ensure a rapid, coordinated, and efficient response that minimizes confusion and duplication of efforts.

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Public Awareness Law

Educating and preparing citizens for disasters. This can involve training, drills, and public awareness campaigns.

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Preparedness

The first phase of Disaster Risk Management, involving planning and training for potential disasters.

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Response

This phase addresses the immediate aftermath of a disaster, focusing on rescue and immediate needs.

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Recovery

The final stage in DRRM where individuals and communities work towards rebuilding and recovery.

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People's Participation (CBDRM)

Ensuring the participation of individuals from all sectors of the community in the planning and management of disaster risks.

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Community Specific (CBDRM)

A key principle of CBDRM, emphasizing the importance of customized approaches to disaster preparedness based on the specific needs and vulnerabilities

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Mitigation

Actions taken to minimize the impact of a disaster, including structural measures like emergency stairs built before construction and non-structural measures like planning for category 5 winds.

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Prevention

Actions taken to reduce the probability of a disaster happening in the first place, like implementing permanent measures to minimize disaster risk.

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Pull (Fire Extinguisher)

The first step in using a fire extinguisher involves removing the pin to unlock the extinguisher and allow the lever to be squeezed.

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Aim (Fire Extinguisher)

Aiming the fire extinguisher nozzle at the base of the fire, where the fuel source is, ensures the most effective suppression of the fire.

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Squeeze (Fire Extinguisher)

Squeezing the lever on the fire extinguisher releases the extinguishing agent onto the fire, starting the suppression process.

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Study Notes

Disaster Risk Management

  • Sendai Framework Components: Understanding disaster risk, strengthening disaster risk governance, investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience, and enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response embody the "Build Back Better" principle (recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction).

Cultural Heritage Protection

  • Cultural Heritage Protection: Protocols safeguard Italy's historical and cultural sites from disaster risks during emergencies.

Emergency Protocols

  • Emergency Protocols: Defines procedures for agencies during disasters, ensuring rapid, coordinated response minimizing confusion and duplication.

Public Awareness

  • Public Awareness Laws: Promotes education, campaigns, and information sharing to prepare citizens for disasters.

Volunteer Frameworks

  • Volunteer Frameworks: Regulates volunteer organizations in disaster response, coordinating with government agencies.

Flood Risk Plans

  • Flood Risk Plans: Requires flood risk assessments and strategies to mitigate damage.

Building Codes

  • Building Codes: Enforce construction standards for earthquake resistance and flood safety.

Climate Adaptation Plans

  • Climate Adaptation Plans: Develop strategies to address extreme events caused by climate change.

Early Warning Systems

  • Early Warning Systems: Mandates advanced warning systems for hazards like floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions.

Fire Prevention Laws

  • Fire Prevention Laws: Establishes safety standards and guidelines in urban and rural areas to reduce fire risks.

Health Emergency Plans

  • Health Emergency Plans: Prepares for public health crises like pandemics or biohazard threats.

Disaster Drill Stages

  • Alarm Phase: Signals the occurrence or impending disaster.
  • Response Phase: Mobilization of units to respond.
  • Evacuation Phase: Facilitates safe and efficient evacuation of stakeholders.
  • Assembly Phase: Assembles people at evacuation site in an orderly manner for headcount.
  • Headcount Phase: Involves tallying of names and participation.
  • Evaluation Phase: Assessing before and after the drill.

School-based Emergency Survival Kit

  • Personal Hygiene and Sanitation: Includes bucket with toilet seat lid, toilet paper, wet wipes, hand sanitizer, and chemical toilet bags.
  • Food & Water: Water bottles, purification tablets, and nutritional bars.
  • Light & Communication: Emergency lights, signal sticks, whistles, flashlights with chargers, sirens, and radios.
  • Entertainment: Playing cards and portable board games to provide stress relief.
  • First Aid Kit: Includes bandages, antiseptic wipes, medical tape, gauze, trauma pads, instant cold packs, and gloves.

Community Empowerment and Development

  • Community Empowerment: Develops training and programs to strengthen community capacities.
  • Community Development: Adapts to global changes ensures growth for each community member.

Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM)

  • Principles of CBDRM:
    • Participatory Process: Involves community members from all sectors.
    • Responsive: Acknowledges disaster risks and plans appropriate responses.
    • Integrated: Plans pre-disaster and present/post-disaster measures.
    • Proactive: Takes initiative to think about safety and resilience.
    • Comprehensive: Addresses everyone's strengths and weaknesses.
    • Multi-sectoral: Collaboration between different groups.

Disaster Preparedness, Response, and Recovery

  • Preparedness: Ongoing process for planning, training for potential disasters (fire drills and evacuations)
  • Response: Actions taken after a disaster, encompassing short and long-term responses, removing ongoing hazards and clearing areas.
  • Recovery: Helping individuals or communities return to normal life, a process that can take years.

Fire Management, Mitigation, Prevention, & Response

  • Fire Prevention: Measures to prevent incidents (smoke alarms, cigarette disposal, fire safety, electrical safety).

  • Fire Triangle: Fuel, heat and oxygen are necessary for combustion.

  • Fire Stages:

    • Ignition: Initial stage, easiest to extinguish
    • Growth: Fire becomes more powerful, and oxygen is increasing.
    • Flashover: Transition before reaching Stage 3
    • Fully Developed: Maximum temperature reached, most difficult to control.
    • Decay: Fire density decreases, exhausted fuel source.

  • Fire Classes:

    • Class A: Involves solid materials (wood/paper/textiles)
    • Class B: Involves flammable liquids (petrol/diesel/oils)
    • Class C: Involves gases.
    • Class D: Involves metals.
    • Class E: Involves electrical apparatus.
    • Class F: Involves cooking oils.

  • Fire Extinguisher Use (PASS Method):

    • Pull the pin.
    • Aim at the base of the fire.
    • Squeeze the lever.
    • Sweep the nozzle back and forth.

Fire Hazard Principles

  • Stages of Decay:

    • Conduction: Heat transfer between materials in contact (e.g., burning feet on hot sand)
    • Convection: Heat transfer in liquids and gases involving movement (e.g., rising hot air).
    • Radiation: Heat transfer through space via electromagnetic waves (e.g., X-rays).

  • Emergency Response (Before, During, and After):

  • Before: Installing smoke alarms, practicing evacuation plans, establishing communication plans.

  • During: Identifying escape routes, leaving the area if necessary.

  • After: Giving first aid, contacting emergency services if applicable.

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Disaster Risk Management PDF

Description

Explore the critical components of disaster risk management, including the Sendai Framework and emergency protocols. Learn how cultural heritage protection plays a vital role in safeguarding historical sites during emergencies and the importance of public awareness and volunteer frameworks.

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