Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of DRRR?

Disaster risk reduction is aimed at preventing new and reducing existing disaster risk and managing residual risk, all of which contribute to strengthening resilience and therefore to the achievement of sustainable development.

DRRR is a program for disaster preparedness and risk reduction.

True (A)

What are the five important words in the subject of disaster preparedness and risk reduction?

  • Risk, Hazard, Vulnerability, Mitigation, and Adaptation
  • Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery
  • Emergency, Response, Relief, Rehabilitation, and Reconstruction
  • Disaster, Risk, Hazard, Exposure, and Vulnerability (correct)

Which of the following is not a basic concept of DRRR?

<p>Emergency Response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does DRRR aim to achieve?

<p>DRRR aims to reduce the negative impacts of disasters by preventing new risks, managing existing risks, and strengthening community resilience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A disaster is defined as a sudden calamitous event that can cause harm, injury, destruction, and devastation to life and property.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Disasters only affect people.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hazard?

<p>A hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that may cause loss of life, injury, or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is risk related to hazard?

<p>Risk is the probability that a hazard will occur and the potential consequences of that occurrence. It is a combination of the likelihood of a hazard and the severity of its impacts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is exposure in the context of disaster risk?

<p>Exposure refers to the things that are at risk from a particular hazard - people, buildings, infrastructure, and other assets that are located in areas that might be affected by a hazard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does vulnerability mean in relation to disasters?

<p>Vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of a community or asset to the impacts of hazards. It is the degree to which a hazard can cause damage or destruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a natural disaster?

<p>Earthquake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a man-made disaster?

<p>Nuclear Explosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Philippines particularly vulnerable to natural hazards?

<p>The Philippines is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region prone to many natural hazards, including earthquakes, volcanoes, typhoons, and tsunamis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the effects of disasters on displaced populations?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the potential health risks following a disaster?

<p>All of the above (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Food scarcity is never an issue following a disaster.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Emotional aftershocks are a common consequence of disasters, particularly for children.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions:

<p>Hazard = The probability that a hazard will occur and cause harm. Risk = A dangerous phenomenon or condition that can cause harm. Vulnerability = The susceptibility of a community or asset to the impacts of hazards. Exposure = The things that are at risk from a particular hazard - people, buildings, infrastructure, and other assets that are located in areas that might be affected by a hazard. Resilience = The ability of a community or asset to withstand and recover from disasters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hazard and risk mean the same thing.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a hazard in the context of a volcanic eruption?

<p>The eruption of a volcano itself is a natural hazard. It is a potentially dangerous event that can cause harm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The risk of a volcanic eruption is higher in areas with poorly constructed buildings.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of assets that can be exposed to hazards?

<p>Assets can include people, buildings, infrastructure, farmland, factories, and other valuable resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some key factors that can contribute to vulnerability in a community?

<p>Factors contributing to vulnerability include poverty, lack of access to essential services (health care, education, water, sanitation), inadequate infrastructure (housing, roads, communication), and poor social cohesion &amp; community organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assess vulnerabilities in a community?

<p>Assessing vulnerabilities helps to identify populations and assets that are most at risk. This information can inform actions to reduce risks, promote preparedness, and make communities more resilient to disasters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The effects of disasters can be categorized into primary, secondary, and tertiary effects.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a primary effect of a disaster?

<p>Loss of life (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a secondary effect of a disaster?

<p>Spread of infectious diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective focuses on the physical impacts of disasters, such as damaged roads?

<p>Physical Perspective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective focuses on the mental health and emotional well-being of people affected by disasters?

<p>Psychological Perspective (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective highlights how communities respond to disasters based on their cultural values and traditions?

<p>Sociocultural Perspective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective explores how government services and policies are utilized to reduce disaster risks and losses?

<p>Political Perspective (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective recognizes the heightened risk of disease outbreaks after a disaster, particularly in evacuation centers?

<p>Biological Perspective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective examines the economic disruptions and consequences of disasters, such as loss of jobs and businesses?

<p>Economic Perspective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is disaster risk?

The probability that a community's structures or geographic areas will be damaged or disrupted by a particular hazard.

What is a disaster?

A sudden, calamitous event causing great harm, injury, destruction, and devastation to life and property.

What is a hazard?

A natural phenomenon or human activity that has the potential to cause harm, such as earthquakes, floods, or chemical spills.

What is exposure?

The location, attributes, and value of assets that could be affected by a hazard, such as people, buildings, or farmland.

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What is vulnerability?

The likelihood that assets will be damaged or destroyed when exposed to a hazard.

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How are disasters often a result?

The combination of exposure to a hazard, the conditions of vulnerability, and insufficient capacity to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences.

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What is a natural disaster?

Disasters that originate from the different forces of nature, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.

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What is a man-made disaster?

Disasters that occur due to people's actions, such as oil spills, nuclear accidents, and wars.

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What is a major effect of disasters on populations?

A large influx of refugees after a disaster can disrupt access to healthcare, education, food supplies, and clean water.

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What is a health risk associated with disasters?

Flooding can lead to stagnant water that breeds bacteria and harmful insects, increasing the risk of diseases like malaria and dengue fever.

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What is a major food security concern after a disaster?

Disasters often destroy crops and agricultural supplies, leading to food shortages and hunger.

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What is a psychological impact of disaster on children?

Natural disasters can be traumatic for children, leading to psychological issues like PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder).

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What does the physical perspective focus on in disaster analysis?

The visible and tangible materials, natural or man-made, that have been affected by disasters.

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What does the psychological perspective focus on in disaster analysis?

The mental health of people in response to disaster impacts.

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What does the sociocultural perspective focus on in disaster analysis?

How communities respond collectively to disasters based on their perceptions, beliefs, and cultural practices.

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What does the economic perspective focus on in disaster analysis?

The economic activities of communities and how they are disrupted by disasters.

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What does the political perspective focus on in disaster analysis?

How government services are utilized to reduce disaster risk and disaster losses.

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What does the biological perspective focus on in disaster analysis?

The possibility of disease outbreaks after a disaster due to factors like overcrowding and lack of sanitation.

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Why is the Philippines highly vulnerable to natural hazards?

The Philippines, being geographically located in Southeast Asia, makes it highly vulnerable to natural hazards.

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What are primary effects of disasters?

The direct effects manifested from the disaster event itself, such as destruction of buildings, injuries, and deaths.

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What are secondary effects of disasters?

The effects arising from primary effects, involving biophysical and ecological processes and systems.

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What are tertiary effects of disasters?

The effects arising from secondary effects, which take a longer time to manifest and may involve impacts that diffuse among community members.

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What does DRRR stand for?

DRRR stands for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience.

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What is the purpose of DRRR?

The goal of DRRR is to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risks, ultimately contributing to a more resilient and sustainable future.

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What are some examples of DRRR activities?

DRRR involves a range of activities and strategies, including risk assessment, early warning systems, disaster preparedness plans, and community engagement.

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Why is understanding DRRR important?

Understanding DRRR can empower you to make informed decisions and contribute to safer and more resilient communities.

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What are some effects of disasters on one's life?

Disasters can have significant impacts on one's life, affecting physical and mental well-being, livelihoods, and overall quality of life.

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How can we create safer and more resilient communities?

By understanding and addressing disaster risks, we can create safer and more resilient communities, allowing us to better cope with and recover from future disasters.

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Study Notes

Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR)

  • DRRR aims to prevent new disasters, reduce existing risks, and manage residual risks.
  • This contributes to building resilience for sustainable development.

Disaster Meaning

  • A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event causing significant harm, injury, destruction, and devastation to life and property.
  • Disasters disrupt normal life, causing both physical and emotional distress, such as feelings of helplessness and hopelessness.
  • Disasters affect both people and property, varying from minor damage to total destruction, potentially leading to death.

Disaster Components

  • Disaster: The event itself.
  • Disaster Risk: The probability of a community being damaged by a hazard.
  • Hazard: The source of potential harm (e.g., earthquake, flood). The nature of harm and its severity.
  • Exposure: The location, attributes, and value of vulnerable assets (people, buildings, etc.) potentially affected by a hazard.
  • Vulnerability: The likelihood of assets being affected when exposed to a hazard. This includes factors like poor construction or lack of preparedness.

Types of Disasters

  • Natural Disasters: These originate from natural forces (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, wildfires).
  •  Man-Made Disasters: These are a result of human actions (e.g., explosions, industrial accidents, fires).

Examples of Disasters

  • Typhoon Yolanda: A powerful typhoon that devastated the Philippines, causing widespread destruction and loss of life.
  • Wowowee Stampede: A tragic event at a popular television show causing many fatalities due to overcrowding.
  • Typhoon Ondoy: A devastating typhoon that caused significant flooding and landslides in Metro Manila, Philippines.

Effects of Disasters

  • Displaced Populations: Large influxes of refugees can hinder access to essential resources like healthcare and education.
  • Health Risks: Stagnant water fosters the breeding of disease-carrying mosquitoes, leading to health problems like dengue fever and malaria.
  • Food Scarcity: Disasters can destroy crops, disrupt food distribution, and lead to hunger.
  • Emotional Aftershocks: Natural disasters lead to emotional trauma, particularly affecting young children, resulting in PTSD.

Hazard vs. Risk

  • Hazard: The potential source of harm (e.g., earthquake)
  • Risk: The probability of harm and its severity when exposed to a hazard.

Disaster Area Locations & Hazards

  • Urban Areas/Mega-cities: Terrorist attacks, fires, structural collapse, pollution.

  • Unsafe Buildings: Structural collapse, fires.

  • Industrial/Factories: Pollution, fires.

  • Nuclear Power Plants: Nuclear leaks/meltdown, contamination.

  • Mining Areas: Leakage of toxic materials.

  • Coastlines/Beaches/Islands: Tidal waves, storm surges, tsunamis.

  • Riverbanks/Esteros: Flooding, flash floods, landslides.

  • Reclaimed Land/Valleys: Flooding, landslides, earthquakes.

  • Faultline Zones: Earthquakes.

  • Open Fields: Thunderstorms, tornadoes, hailstorms, grass fires.

  • Volcanoes: Volcanic eruptions, landslides, mudslides, forest fires

Disaster Perspectives

  • Physical Perspective: Focuses on tangible damage to buildings, infrastructure, and the environment.
  • Psychological Perspective: Focuses on the mental health impacts on individuals and communities following a disaster.
  • Sociocultural Perspective: Examines how communities respond and adapt to disasters based on cultural norms and values.
  • Economic Perspective: Analyzes the impact on economic activities (e.g., transportation, agriculture).
  • Political Perspective: Examines how governments respond to disasters and allocate resources.
  • Biological Perspective: Examines the potential for disease outbreaks in disaster-affected areas.

Disaster Effects on One's Life

  • The effects of disasters can be primary, secondary, and tertiary in nature, as they can be direct and long-lasting.

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