Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction
12 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following are NOT examples of natural disasters?

  • Hurricanes
  • Volcanic Eruptions
  • Earthquakes
  • Chemical Spills (correct)
  • Fires
  • Floods

    • What are the two large categories of disasters?

  • Industrial and Environmental
  • Psychological and Physical
  • Economic and Social
  • Natural and Man-made (correct)

    • Which of these is NOT a characteristic of vulnerability?

  • Susceptibility to the damaging effects of a hazard
  • The characteristics and circumstances of a community
  • The ability to prevent severe effects from hazards (correct)
  • The characteristics of an asset that make it susceptible to a hazard

    • What is the primary consideration in determining the population size of a community?

    <p>Population density.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three essential components of exposure in the context of hazards?

    <p>People, Property, Systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of biological hazard?

    <p>Landslide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of natural hazard?

    <p>Nuclear Meltdown (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when a community has a high level of resilience?

    <p>It means the community has the ability to resist, absorb, accommodate, and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "quasi-natural hazard" refer to?

    <p>A hazard that arises through the interaction of natural processes and human activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the different types of hazard impacts?

    <p>Physical, Psychological, Socio-cultural, Economic, Environmental, Biological (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hazard assessment aim to do?

    <p>Identify and estimate the likelihood and potential impact of hazards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key steps in a hazard identification and risk assessment process?

    <p>Identify the Hazard, Assess the Risk, Make the Changes, Check the Changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Plate Tectonics

    Processes that shape the Earth's surface, causing mountain building and earthquakes.

    Atmospheric Processes

    Natural processes that involve the atmosphere, like cloud formation and precipitation.

    Biological Accumulation

    Natural processes resulting in the growth of biological systems like reefs and forests.

    Human Activities

    Actions by humans that change the environment, like urbanization and resource extraction.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Hazard

    A dangerous phenomenon or condition that can cause harm or loss.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Disaster

    A serious disruption impacting a community's functioning, leading to significant losses.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Risk

    The likelihood of experiencing harm or loss from a hazard.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Natural Disasters

    Disasters caused by natural phenomena, like earthquakes and hurricanes.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Man-made Disasters

    Disasters resulting from human actions or negligence.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Technological Disasters

    Accidents arising from industrial activities or technology.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Terrorism/Violence

    Disasters involving intentional harm to people or property, often using weapons.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Complex Humanitarian Emergencies

    Disasters resulting from conflicts causing mass displacement and infrastructure breakdown.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Disaster Risk Factors

    Variables that influence the impact of hazards and disasters.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Physical Risk Factors

    Tangible aspects like building sturdiness that impact disaster outcomes.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Psychological Risk Factors

    Mental health conditions that affect disaster response (e.g., fear, self-assessment).

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Socio-cultural Risk Factors

    Cultural and social aspects that modify disaster impacts.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Economic Risk Factors

    Financial status and resources that affect vulnerability to disasters.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Political Risk Factors

    Governmental structures that impact disaster preparedness and response.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Biological Risk Factors

    Ecological aspects that affect disaster outcomes, like flora and fauna health.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Exposure

    Presence of people and property in hazard-prone areas.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Vulnerability

    Characteristics of communities that make them susceptible to hazards.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Capacity

    Resources and strengths to manage and recover from disasters.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Resilience

    Ability to bounce back from disasters and cope with hazards.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Biological Hazards

    Hazards arising from biological sources, like germs and toxins.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Natural Hazards

    Physical phenomena caused by nature that pose risks to people.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Man-made Hazards

    Hazards originating from technological or human actions, like accidents.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Quasi-natural Hazards

    Hazards stemming from the interplay of natural processes and human activities.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Hazard Assessment

    Evaluating the probability and possible impact of hazards over time.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Risk Assessment

    Analyzing hazards and their socio-economic impacts to reduce risk.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Physical Impact of Hazards

    Injuries and infrastructure damage caused by disasters.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Psychological Impact of Hazards

    Mental health consequences from experiencing disasters.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Socio-Cultural Impact of Hazards

    Dislocation and changes in cultural identity due to disaster events.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction

    • Processes Shaping Environments:

      • Plate tectonics create mountains, oceans, and volcanoes.
      • Atmospheric processes form clouds, precipitation, and wind.
      • Biological processes build reefs, colonies, and forests.
      • Human activities shape urban areas and resource extraction.

    • Hazard:

      • A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition causing loss of life, injury, property damage, social/economic disruption, or environmental damage.

    • Disaster:

      • A major disruption of a community or society, involving widespread losses exceeding local coping abilities.
      • Includes human, material, economic, and environmental impacts.

    • Risk:

      • The possibility of something bad happening, specifically injury or loss, frequently referenced as the interaction between exposure to hazard and societal vulnerability.

    • Classification of Disasters:

      • Natural Disasters: Caused by natural forces like earthquakes, typhoons, volcanoes, hurricanes, fires, tornados, and extreme temperatures.
        • Can be rapid-onset (sudden) or progressive (e.g., droughts leading to famine).
      • Man-made Disasters: Caused by human actions, intentional or not.
        • Technological/Industrial: Unregulated industrialization and inadequate safety standards (e.g., industrial leaks, explosions, vehicle collisions).
        • Terrorism/Violence: Spread of technologies involving nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons; mass shootings, bombs, or explosions; release of hazardous materials.
        • Complex Humanitarian Emergencies: International and civil conflicts leading to displacement and the loss of vital infrastructure (e.g. food, water, electricity, sanitation).

    • Disaster Risk Factors:

      • Variables that either increase or decrease the effects of hazards, influencing the degree or scope of a disaster.
      • These factors determine how a community will respond to a hazardous event.

    Analyze Disaster from Different Perspectives

    • Physical Perspective:

      • Focus on tangible effects (e.g. number of houses damaged, amount of infrastructure impacted).

    • Psychological Perspective:

      • Includes emotional effects like shock, terror, anger, and long-term mental health consequences (e.g., PTSD).
      • Cognitive impacts (e.g., decreased concentration, memory impairment)
      • Physical impacts (e.g., fatigue, insomnia, increased physical pain).
      • Interpersonal effects (e.g. impaired work performance, interpersonal conflict and distrust).

    • Socio-Cultural Perspective:

      • Examines how social conditions (e.g., age, gender, wealth, ethnicity) and cultural settings (e.g., traditions, customs) affect reactions to hazards.

    • Economic Perspective:

      • Includes direct costs (e.g., value of damaged or destroyed property) and indirect costs (e.g., loss of jobs due to disruption, inflation, and decline in goods production linked to resources).

    • Political Perspective:

      • Looks at government responses and management effectiveness (e.g., allocation of resources, provision of services, leadership, potential for corruption).

    • Biological Perspective:

      • Considers impacts on ecosystems (e.g., extinction of species, spread of diseases, waterborne illness).

    Exposure and Vulnerability

    • Exposure:

      • Refers to elements at risk in hazard zones, including people, property, systems, and other elements.

    • Vulnerability

      • The characteristics and circumstances that make a community or asset susceptible to the effects of a hazard (e.g., population density, poor infrastructure, and lack of resources).
      • This is crucial to understanding disaster risk, as it explains why some communities are more susceptible to harm than others. Factors in vulnerability include physical characteristics, social factors, political landscape, economic situations, and biological factors..

    Hazard - Types, Signs, and Symbols

    • Natural Hazards: Occurring naturally, such as biological (e.g., viruses, diseases), geological (e.g., earthquakes, landslides, and volcanic eruptions), and hydrometeorological (e.g., storms, floods, and droughts).

    • Man-Made Hazards: Human-caused, such as technological failures, industrial accidents, and terrorism.

    • Quasi-Natural Hazards: Resulting from human actions that combine with natural processes (e.g., smog, pollution, desertification).

    • Hazard Signs and Symbols: Used to warn of impending danger (in various formats in the article).

    Hazard Assessment and Risk Assessment

    • Hazard Assessment: Estimation of the likelihood and magnitude of disasters, considering duration, frequency, speed, probability, and manageability.

    • Risk Assessment: Evaluation of the elements at risk (including elements and vulnerability) within a given time frame, using insights from observation, scientific data (e.g. weather monitoring), and experience to assess probabilities and magnitudes of possible disasters.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction PDF

    Description

    Explore the key concepts of disaster readiness and risk reduction. This quiz covers the processes that shape environments, the classification of hazards and disasters, and the intricacies of risk evaluation. Understand how natural and human factors contribute to disasters and their impacts on communities.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser