Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a recognized reason why disability is a human rights issue?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized reason why disability is a human rights issue?
The term "capacity" in relation to disability refers to:
The term "capacity" in relation to disability refers to:
Which of the following correctly explains why the "environment" is relevant when discussing disability?
Which of the following correctly explains why the "environment" is relevant when discussing disability?
The "Global Burden of Disease" (GBD) is a research project that provides data on:
The "Global Burden of Disease" (GBD) is a research project that provides data on:
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Which of the following organizations is primarily responsible for collecting data on disability prevalence through the World Health Survey (WHS)?
Which of the following organizations is primarily responsible for collecting data on disability prevalence through the World Health Survey (WHS)?
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Which term describes the condition of having partial loss of voluntary movement?
Which term describes the condition of having partial loss of voluntary movement?
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What phase of degenerative impairment is characterized by a duration of approximately 1 to 3 months?
What phase of degenerative impairment is characterized by a duration of approximately 1 to 3 months?
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How is 'incidence' defined in a medical context?
How is 'incidence' defined in a medical context?
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Which of the following is NOT a characterized phase of degenerative impairments?
Which of the following is NOT a characterized phase of degenerative impairments?
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Which type of amputation etiology is most commonly mentioned?
Which type of amputation etiology is most commonly mentioned?
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What is a significant demographic trend observed in relation to disability?
What is a significant demographic trend observed in relation to disability?
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Which of the following statements best describes the focus of rehabilitation?
Which of the following statements best describes the focus of rehabilitation?
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What percentage of the Swiss population is affected by some form of disability?
What percentage of the Swiss population is affected by some form of disability?
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What impact did the COVID-19 pandemic have on rehabilitation services?
What impact did the COVID-19 pandemic have on rehabilitation services?
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What percentage of people in low-income and middle-income countries do not receive necessary rehabilitation services?
What percentage of people in low-income and middle-income countries do not receive necessary rehabilitation services?
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What percentage of the world's population is estimated to be persons with disabilities?
What percentage of the world's population is estimated to be persons with disabilities?
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What is a unique feature of the Convention?
What is a unique feature of the Convention?
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Approximately what percentage of persons with disabilities live in developing countries?
Approximately what percentage of persons with disabilities live in developing countries?
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What legal status does the Convention hold?
What legal status does the Convention hold?
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What is the main message of the Convention regarding persons with disabilities?
What is the main message of the Convention regarding persons with disabilities?
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Which of the following is NOT identified as a reason for the existing challenges in rehabilitation?
Which of the following is NOT identified as a reason for the existing challenges in rehabilitation?
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What strategy is suggested for increasing funding mechanisms for rehabilitation services?
What strategy is suggested for increasing funding mechanisms for rehabilitation services?
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Which factor is highlighted in the content as affecting the geographic distribution of rehabilitation professionals?
Which factor is highlighted in the content as affecting the geographic distribution of rehabilitation professionals?
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Which of the following actions is advocated for improving the health information systems related to rehabilitation?
Which of the following actions is advocated for improving the health information systems related to rehabilitation?
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Which statement accurately reflects a reporting issue mentioned in the context of rehabilitation?
Which statement accurately reflects a reporting issue mentioned in the context of rehabilitation?
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What percentage of GDP is spent on disability benefits in OECD countries on average?
What percentage of GDP is spent on disability benefits in OECD countries on average?
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When sickness benefits are included, what is the total percentage of GDP spent on disability in OECD countries?
When sickness benefits are included, what is the total percentage of GDP spent on disability in OECD countries?
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In which two countries is the cost of disability particularly high, reaching about 5% of GDP?
In which two countries is the cost of disability particularly high, reaching about 5% of GDP?
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How does Inclusion differ from Integration in the context provided?
How does Inclusion differ from Integration in the context provided?
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What is NOT a characteristic of Inclusion as defined in the content?
What is NOT a characteristic of Inclusion as defined in the content?
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What does segregation primarily refer to in the definitions given?
What does segregation primarily refer to in the definitions given?
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What proportion of public social expenditure does the cost of disability represent on average across OECD countries?
What proportion of public social expenditure does the cost of disability represent on average across OECD countries?
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Which of the following statements reflects a common misconception regarding Inclusion?
Which of the following statements reflects a common misconception regarding Inclusion?
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Flashcards
Global Disability Statistics
Global Disability Statistics
Over 1 billion people worldwide live with some form of disability.
Disability in Switzerland
Disability in Switzerland
About 20% of the Swiss population is affected by disability.
Impact of Aging
Impact of Aging
The number of people with disability is increasing due to demographic trends.
Purpose of Rehabilitation
Purpose of Rehabilitation
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Rehabilitation Service Gap
Rehabilitation Service Gap
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Paresis
Paresis
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Paralysis
Paralysis
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Incidence
Incidence
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Prevalence
Prevalence
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Phases of Impairments
Phases of Impairments
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Capacity
Capacity
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Performance
Performance
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Disability and Human Rights
Disability and Human Rights
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Barriers to Access
Barriers to Access
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Global Burden of Disease (GBD)
Global Burden of Disease (GBD)
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Public Spending on Disability
Public Spending on Disability
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Disability Benefits Coverage
Disability Benefits Coverage
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Impact of Sickness Benefits
Impact of Sickness Benefits
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Spending Variation by Country
Spending Variation by Country
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Social Expenditure on Disability
Social Expenditure on Disability
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Segregation in Disability Context
Segregation in Disability Context
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Integration vs Inclusion
Integration vs Inclusion
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Elements of Inclusion
Elements of Inclusion
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UN-CRPD Foundation
UN-CRPD Foundation
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Global Disability Population
Global Disability Population
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Historical Context of the Convention
Historical Context of the Convention
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Human Rights and Development
Human Rights and Development
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Main Message of the Convention
Main Message of the Convention
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Challenges in Rehabilitation
Challenges in Rehabilitation
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Funding Mechanisms for Rehabilitation
Funding Mechanisms for Rehabilitation
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Human Resources in Rehabilitation
Human Resources in Rehabilitation
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Health Information Systems
Health Information Systems
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Engagement with People with Disabilities
Engagement with People with Disabilities
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Study Notes
Introduction to Rehabilitation & Inclusion
- Rehabilitation focuses on enabling independence and participation in everyday activities, including education, work, and recreation.
- It's not solely about care or curing, encompassing a broader scope.
- Globally, 2.4 billion people currently benefit from or need rehabilitation.
- A significant portion of low- and middle-income countries lacks sufficient rehabilitation services.
- Disability affects an estimated 20% of the Swiss population.
- It's predicted that the number of people with disabilities will increase due to demographic trends.
- Over 1 billion people worldwide experience disability.
- People with disabilities often encounter poorer quality services and discrimination.
Key Facts About Disability
- Over 1 billion people globally live with a disability.
- Disability affects roughly 1/5 of the population in Switzerland.
- Demographics predict an increase in individuals with disabilities.
- Most people will experience temporary or permanent disability during their lives.
- Individuals with disabilities commonly face poorer quality services and discrimination while accessing healthcare.
Key Facts About Rehabilitation
- Rehabilitation is significantly more extensive than just healthcare and care.
- It's intended to support the highest possible level of independence and integration into society for a person with an impairment.
- Millions of people worldwide benefit or need rehabilitation.
- More than half of the people in low and middle-income countries do not receive required rehabilitation services.
- The COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted rehabilitation services worldwide.
The Challenge of Rehabilitation and Inclusion
- The diagram displays the elements and phases of the rehabilitation journey, including areas from primary prevention through chronic conditions and long-term assistance.
- It emphasizes various elements that contribute to the rehabilitation and inclusion process, representing a holistic approach.
Continuum of Care
- The diagram illustrates interconnected areas of consideration within the continuum of care.
- It suggests a holistic perspective, connecting distinct phases of the rehabilitation process.
Skills for Effective Rehabilitation & Inclusion
- In-depth knowledge of clinical processes, medical specialties and rehab procedures is critical to success.
- Critical thinking and problem-solving skills are essential for tackling complex scenarios.
- Project management skills are necessary.
- Adaptability and communication skills are crucial.
MSc in Health Sciences and Technology - Rehabilitation & Inclusion
- Majors offered within the program include Medical Technology, Human Health, Human Movement Science, Molecular Health Sciences, and Neurosciences.
- Rehabilitation and Inclusion major is included as a specific emphasis in health technology education.
- The program includes practical training and a master's thesis.
Examples of Success Stories
- Individuals with disabilities have found success in challenging conditions and circumstances.
- These include Prof. Roger Gassert, Nilofar Niazi with Nathanael, and Heinz Frei, who are representative of the perseverance and resilience inherent in the human spirit.
- Technology has played a substantial role for some individuals in their rehabilitation and inclusion experiences.
Lecture Topics
- Prevention efforts, cost models, barrier-free living access, work inclusion, and social inclusion are integral aspects of the curriculum.
- Parasocial events are also recognized as relevant topics.
- Disability and rehabilitation, as well as the relevant therapy technologies and home-based rehabilitation models are critical educational objectives.
Overview of This Semester's Course
- This section outlines the topics and instructors of the classes for a given semester in a structured format.
- Dates and specific lecture titles are provided to present the schedule to the learner.
Learning Goals of the Course
- Develop understanding of disability, rehabilitation, and inclusion in the context of society.
- Learn about treatment approaches, assistance, and inclusion technologies.
- Develop an understanding of clinical methods related to rehabilitation.
- Gain knowledge of insurance and cost models.
- Understand device certification and health policy.
- Explore societal and architectural barriers related to disability.
- Develop awareness and provide sensibilization for people with disability in the broader environment, and gain an appropriate understanding of prevention.
Overview of Today's & Next Week's Lectures
- Define and outline the key elements of impairments, disability, rehabilitation, and inclusion.
- Present statistical data on the prevalence of these issues.
- Examine the causes of impairments and disabilities.
- Analyze the history of disability, rehabilitation, and rehabilitation technology.
- Study the different types of rehabilitation professions and their responsibilities.
- Explain the concept of therapies and assistance in improving rehabilitation outcomes.
Impairments, Definitions, and Categories
- Paresis is partial or reduced voluntary movement.
- Paralysis (plegia) is complete loss of voluntary movement.
- Incidence refers to new cases in a specific period.
- Prevalence measures the total number of existing cases at a given time.
- Differentiating between inherent/congenital and acquired impairments and degenerative impairments.
- Describing the phases of impairments—acute, subacute, chronic.
Amputations
- Vascular diseases are the leading cause of amputations (75-80%).
- Trauma is also a common cause (10-15%).
- Prevalences for amputations vary considerably among different countries.
Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI)
- Data about SCI incidence and prevalence in Germany and Europe.
- Different demographics in SCI.
- Classification data in terms of injury region (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral)
- Life expectancy in the US for SCI patients, presented by age and severity.
Stroke
- Ischemic stroke (80%+) is a blood flow blockage.
- Hemorrhagic stroke (<20%+) involves bleeding.
- Prevalence statistics for strokes in different parts of the world.
Impairments after Stroke: Hemiplegia
- Hemiplegia is a paralysis of one side of the body.
- Symptoms such as drop foot, arm close to the trunk, stiff shoulder, and cramped hand may be seen, along with neglect, apraxia.
- Cognitive deficits, spasticity, and weakness are also potential indicators.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
- TBI is caused by external force to the skull.
- Symptoms include physical, cognitive, social, emotional, and behavioral effects, which may resemble stroke symptoms.
Parkinson's Disease
- The decrease in dopamine levels is a key cause of Parkinson's Disease.
- Idiopathic and neurodegenerative are major causes of the disease. - Symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigor and posture issues.
- Non-motor symptoms such as mood change, cognitive performance reduction, pain, and insomnia, are also potential signs of the disease.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
- MS involves an autoimmune response that affects the myelin.
- Initial symptoms include ataxia, spasticity, and vision impairments.
- Non-motor symptoms include emotional and perceptual disturbances and pain.
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
- CP results from lesions during pregnancy or birth, causing motor dysfunction.
- Increased muscle tone and motor dysfunction are common symptoms.
- Sensory, perceptual, communicative, and cognitive deficits can also occur.
Muscular Dystrophy (MD)
- Genetic conditions prevent the creation of certain proteins essential for healthy muscles which manifest in increasing muscle weakness and breakdown of skeletal muscles.
- Different types exist, such as Duchenne, with no cure.
Some More Numbers
- Incidence and prevalence rates of specific conditions; include Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis, strokes, and traumatic brain injuries.
ICF: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
- This framework classifies components into body functions and structures, activities, participation, and contextual factors.
- Body functions are the physiological functions of body structures.
- Activity is the execution of tasks or actions.
- Participation is involvement in life situations.
Definitions of Factors and Limitations
- Environmental factors refer to the physical, social, and attitudinal context of people living and functioning in society.
- Personal factors include motivation and self-esteem.
- Limitations, impairments, and disabilities are different concepts, with impairments being problems with body functions, limitations being difficulties with activities, and disabilities being restrictions in participation.
Prevalence of Disability in Switzerland
- Demographics and definitions of disabilities are included according to Swiss guidelines.
Worldwide Prevalence of Disability
- Data sets and insights about worldwide prevalence of disability, considering sex, age, and region.
Disability and Poverty
- Rates of requests for specific services among countries with various degrees of wealth inequality.
Disability and Human Rights
- A human rights issue, as individuals are often denied equal access to health care, employment, education, or political participation because of their disability.
Disability: Legal Aspects (past and present)
- Historical perspectives on disability laws, including old Swiss and US legislation (e.g. Chicago City Code 1881).
- Specific Acts such as the Rehabilitation Acts of 1973 & 1974 and American Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 were discussed.
- Religious, Nazi-era, and post-1945 perspectives were illustrated.
UN Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)
- This international convention emphasizes the importance of promoting, protecting, and ensuring the full and equal enjoyment by people with disabilities of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Rehabilitation Goals and Processes
- Rehabilitation aims to help, by addressing impairments due to diseases or trauma with treatment of symptoms and improving functions.
- A step-by-step process: identifying, assessing, relating problems to modifiable factors, defining target problems and selecting measures for addressing them.
Rehabilitation Professionals
- Discuss different professionals, disciplines, and support personnel involved in the rehabilitation process across varying settings.
Assistive Devices: Types and History
- Prosthetic devices, orthotics, and substitution devices to support people with disability, their history, their technologies and their development.
- Include wheelchairs as a historic timeline.
Rehabilitation: Challenges and Trends Today
- Current challenges and trends for delivery systems.
- Importance of technology and its affordability.
- The necessity for expanding research and evidence-based practice.
Rehabilitation Technology: Devices
- Includes Therapy and Training devices, and assistive devices.
Core Measures in Rehabilitation
- Discussion of core activities, including rehabilitation medicine, therapy, and assistive technologies.
WH Organisation Rehabilitation Need Estimator
- Presents data visualization of rehabilitation needs across various populations.
Additional Slides, Appendix
- Further slides, potentially containing additional information or resources.
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Description
Test your knowledge on disability as a human rights issue, the relevance of the environment, and key terms associated with medical conditions and impairments. This quiz covers various aspects of disability data and rehabilitation focusing on health perspectives.
