24 Questions
In a dihybrid cross, how many traits are involved simultaneously?
Two
In snapdragons, what is the phenotype of the heterozygote for flower color?
Pink
What type of inheritance results in a heterozygote showing both traits equally?
Codominance
Where are X-linked traits located?
On the X chromosome
What is the phenotype of a roan cattle?
Patchy red and white
Which type of cross involves genetic crosses for two traits?
Dihybrid cross
In a dihybrid cross, how many different allele combinations can be produced in the offspring?
4
What is the phenotype of the offspring when two white snapdragons are crossed?
White
What does incomplete dominance mean?
The phenotype is a blend of the two alleles
What is the result of a test cross?
Determining the genotype of an individual with a recessive phenotype
Where are Y-linked traits located?
On the Y chromosome
What is the result of genetic crosses involving two traits simultaneously?
Dihybrid cross
In X-linked recessive trait, if the mother is a carrier, what is the chance of her sons being affected?
50%
For an X-linked recessive trait, if the dad is affected and the mum is not a carrier, what is the chance of his daughters and sons to be affected?
The daughters are carriers, who pass the traits to 50% of the grandsons
In X-linked dominant trait, if the mother is the carrier of a gene, what is the chance of her sons being affected?
50%
For an X-linked dominant trait, if the father is the carrier of a gene, what is the chance of his sons being affected?
None of his sons will be affected
In ABO blood typing, which alleles are codominant to each other?
IA and IB
In ABO blood typing, which blood type indicates the presence of both sugars A and B?
Type AB
In DNA fingerprinting, what is the basis for identifying individuals?
Differences in nucleotide sequences of their DNA
What is the expected percentage of this couple's children to have type AB blood?
50%
What is the immune response when a person receives blood with an antigen that their plasma contains the antibody for?
Bad response
What is the chance of a mother passing an X-linked recessive trait to her daughters?
50%
In DNA fingerprinting, what should be found in the child's bands?
All bands of the parents
In ABO blood typing, which blood type is universal donor?
Type O
Study Notes
Dihybrid Cross
- A dihybrid cross involves two traits simultaneously.
- In a dihybrid cross, 2^4 = 16 different allele combinations can be produced in the offspring.
Inheritance Patterns
- Incomplete dominance results in a heterozygote showing both traits equally.
- Codominance occurs when two alleles are equally expressed, as seen in ABO blood typing.
Flower Color in Snapdragons
- The phenotype of the heterozygote for flower color in snapdragons is a blending of the two colors.
X-Linked Traits
- X-linked traits are located on the X chromosome.
- In an X-linked recessive trait, if the mother is a carrier, there is a 50% chance of her sons being affected.
- In an X-linked recessive trait, if the dad is affected and the mum is not a carrier, all daughters will be carriers and none of the sons will be affected.
- In an X-linked dominant trait, if the mother is the carrier of a gene, all sons will be affected.
- In an X-linked dominant trait, if the father is the carrier of a gene, none of the sons will be affected.
ABO Blood Typing
- ABO blood typing involves codominant alleles.
- The presence of both sugars A and B indicates type AB blood.
- Type O blood is the universal donor.
DNA Fingerprinting
- DNA fingerprinting is based on identifying individuals through unique DNA patterns.
- A child's DNA bands should contain a combination of their parents' bands.
Blood Type Inheritance
- The expected percentage of a couple's children to have type AB blood depends on the genotypes of the parents.
- If a person receives blood with an antigen that their plasma contains the antibody for, an immune response will occur.
- A mother has a 50% chance of passing an X-linked recessive trait to her daughters.
Roan Cattle
- Roan cattle have a mixture of two colors, resulting from incomplete dominance.
Test your understanding of complex patterns of inheritance with this quiz on dihybrid crosses. Explore how genetic crosses involving two traits simultaneously, such as seed color and shape, demonstrate Mendel's principles of inheritance. Practice using Punnett squares to predict the outcomes of these complex genetic crosses.
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