Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of Digital Business in comparison to Supply Chain Management?
What is the primary focus of Digital Business in comparison to Supply Chain Management?
Which option correctly describes a type of business interaction in the B2A model?
Which option correctly describes a type of business interaction in the B2A model?
In the context of E-Business and E-Government, what exemplifies A2B interactions?
In the context of E-Business and E-Government, what exemplifies A2B interactions?
What is a significant goal shared by both Digital Business and Supply Chain Management?
What is a significant goal shared by both Digital Business and Supply Chain Management?
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Which of the following best represents a B2C interaction?
Which of the following best represents a B2C interaction?
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What is a key application of robotics automation in supply chain management?
What is a key application of robotics automation in supply chain management?
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Which technology exemplifies Industry 4.0 in the context of supply chain management?
Which technology exemplifies Industry 4.0 in the context of supply chain management?
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What is a notable example of transportation technology mentioned in the context of digitalization?
What is a notable example of transportation technology mentioned in the context of digitalization?
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In what context is 3D printing mentioned regarding supply chain applications?
In what context is 3D printing mentioned regarding supply chain applications?
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What is a major impact of digitalization on traditional supply chains?
What is a major impact of digitalization on traditional supply chains?
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Which organization is associated with innovations in networked manufacturing?
Which organization is associated with innovations in networked manufacturing?
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What aspect of digitalization is highlighted in the context of elderly care?
What aspect of digitalization is highlighted in the context of elderly care?
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What is primarily controlled by capital goods in a competitive environment?
What is primarily controlled by capital goods in a competitive environment?
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In a virtual offering model, what aspect is emphasized over traditional production?
In a virtual offering model, what aspect is emphasized over traditional production?
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What does the material flow primarily involve in organizations?
What does the material flow primarily involve in organizations?
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What is characterized as a pre-defined sequence of activities within an organization?
What is characterized as a pre-defined sequence of activities within an organization?
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What is a key purpose of partnerships in a competitive business environment?
What is a key purpose of partnerships in a competitive business environment?
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Which aspect focuses on the integration of communication between partners?
Which aspect focuses on the integration of communication between partners?
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In assessing a company's position, which category may not accurately reflect their business strategy?
In assessing a company's position, which category may not accurately reflect their business strategy?
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Which of the following represents a flow perspective in business operations?
Which of the following represents a flow perspective in business operations?
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What is the main goal for companies focused on capital goods?
What is the main goal for companies focused on capital goods?
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Which company classification is likely to be challenged by an interlinked network of supply?
Which company classification is likely to be challenged by an interlinked network of supply?
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What is the primary focus of Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) in value provision?
What is the primary focus of Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) in value provision?
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In the context of Goods-Dominant Logic (GDL), how is value viewed?
In the context of Goods-Dominant Logic (GDL), how is value viewed?
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How do external resources differ in their role between GDL and SDL?
How do external resources differ in their role between GDL and SDL?
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Which statement best clarifies the concept of 'Value-in-Use' within SDL?
Which statement best clarifies the concept of 'Value-in-Use' within SDL?
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What distinguishes service exchange in SDL from GDL?
What distinguishes service exchange in SDL from GDL?
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What role do providers play in the Service-Dominant Logic framework?
What role do providers play in the Service-Dominant Logic framework?
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Which of the following statements reflects the Goods-Dominant Logic view on value consumption?
Which of the following statements reflects the Goods-Dominant Logic view on value consumption?
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Which concept is central to understanding value co-creation in service contexts?
Which concept is central to understanding value co-creation in service contexts?
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How is resource integration viewed differently in the two logics?
How is resource integration viewed differently in the two logics?
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Which categorization focuses on minimizing logistics costs?
Which categorization focuses on minimizing logistics costs?
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What is the primary focus of lean supply chains?
What is the primary focus of lean supply chains?
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Which supply chain categorization aims at exploiting synergies through mergers?
Which supply chain categorization aims at exploiting synergies through mergers?
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In the material flow perspective, what is the primary concern?
In the material flow perspective, what is the primary concern?
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What characterizes a product-centric supply chain?
What characterizes a product-centric supply chain?
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What is the main objective of capital goods control in supply chains?
What is the main objective of capital goods control in supply chains?
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Which approach focuses on customer satisfaction by creating added value?
Which approach focuses on customer satisfaction by creating added value?
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What is a key feature of workflow within supply chains?
What is a key feature of workflow within supply chains?
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Which supply chain strategy is characterized by market leaders connecting with optimal partners?
Which supply chain strategy is characterized by market leaders connecting with optimal partners?
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Which supply chain structure primarily handles business through independent trades?
Which supply chain structure primarily handles business through independent trades?
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Study Notes
Supply Chain Management & Sustainability Introduction
- This course introduces Supply Chain Management (SCM) and its connection to sustainability.
- It will help prospective business economists understand the practical relevance and central challenges of SCM.
- Prospective students will learn the definitions of "Supply Chain" and "Supply Chain Management" and explore how new technologies and digital networking impact value-adding processes in the economy and supply chains.
Learning Objectives
- Students will recognize the practical relevance of SCM and identify key challenges.
- They will define and explain the terms "Supply Chain" and "Supply Chain Management".
- Students will understand the impact of new technologies on value-adding processes in the economy and supply chains.
Introduction
- The introduction covers definitions of "Supply Chain" and drivers of change in supply chain strategies.
- Further topics included are the characteristics of Supply Chain Strategies, Logistics Management, Supply Chain Management, and Business Models, Definition of "Digital Business", and Areas of Activity in the Model of Networked Value Creation.
Practical relevance
- Networking and sustainability are critical success factors for the 21st century.
- Companies expect business economists to understand and leverage these factors for customer-focused, networked, and sustainable value creation.
- Learners will explore how digital networking changes markets, how physical and digital value creation interrelate, and where innovation opportunities lie in terms of economy, ecology, and society.
Practical Relevance - Salary Benchmark
- Salary benchmarks for various supply chain roles in the consumer goods, food, retail, manufacturing, and medical equipment/pharma industries are provided.
- Monthly salary ranges (in Swiss Francs) are shown for various roles.
Core definitions and terms #1 - Supply Chain
- A supply chain encompasses all processes—physical, informational, financial, and knowledge-based—through the entire product lifecycle, from suppliers to end-users.
- Key components include goods and services to customers, payments to suppliers, and data/information exchange.
Core definitions and terms #2 - Supply Chain Management (SCM)
- SCM is an integrative functional area linking an organization's major business functions and processes in a consistent, high-performing business model.
- SCM aims to effectively manage the flow of materials, services, information, and financial resources in a supply chain to optimize value.
- Balancing supply and demand is a significant challenge considered within SCM.
Digitalization: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
- Digitalization, across various sectors, is transforming information management.
- Technological advancements, such as 3-D printing, robotics automation, and Industry 4.0 technologies, are significantly reshaping supply chains.
- Examples of these digitalization trends are provided across different sectors.
Digitalization within Supply Chain Management
- 3-D printing (e.g., medical implants and mechanical castings) exemplifies this.
- Robots are automating warehousing activities and elder care.
- Industry 4.0 (e.g., flexible manufacturing at FESTO and fully networked railway infrastructure) represents the integration of technology in manufacturing and transport networks.
- Drones (e.g., Swiss Post and agricultural analysis) showcase current innovative trends in logistics and services.
Discussion
- Students are encouraged to generate examples of how networked digital technologies are transforming supply chains.
- The impact of the pandemic on supply chains should also be considered.
- Rationale for each example and discussion with peers are required, with plenary discussion to follow.
Definitions of the "Supply Chain"
- The typical elements of a supply chain are delineated.
- Additional definitions from different perspectives are examined to reveal a broader understanding of SCM within the scope of business models and organizational structures.
Typical Elements of the Supply Chain
- A diagram illustrating the typical elements of the supply chain (including strategy, processes, information systems, and the organization), including key performance indicators, is shown.
Discussion
- Students are asked to identify the supply chains they encounter during a supermarket visit to understand their role as customers.
- Examples of supply chain providers and roles are to be identified and assessed.
Definitions of the supply chain according to different approaches
- Various classifications—supplier-centric, customer-centric, demand-side, organization-related, single-stage, multi-stage, and market-driven—are provided.
Definitions of the supply chain according to different approaches #6 – Functional Supply Chain
- A supply chain is examined in relation to its operational parts (purchasing, manufacturing, movement, warehousing, and sales).
- Supply chain activities across domains are mapped to various product and service offerings.
Drivers of Change in Supply Chain Strategies
- Current drivers impacting supply chain strategies are discussed and listed.
- The acceleration of information flows, decoupling of information from material/payment flows are central.
Interaction between supply chain strategy, supply chain processes and information technology
- How information technology enables integrated supply chain processes and new supply chain strategies (top-down and bottom-up perspectives) are outlined.
- The roles of information systems, strategy, and processes are defined.
Focus on value creation in dynamic supply chains
- Networked organizations need to emphasize value creation to be successful in dynamic supply chains, both internally and across organizations.
- Value creation in dynamic supply chain models is outlined.
Strategic model of "value co-creation"
- A strategic model of "value co-creation" is illustrated to show how two organizations can create value together.
Traditional Value Creation (Goods-Dominant) vs. Value Co-Creation (Service-Dominant)
- Traditional Value Creation (Goods-Dominant) focuses on goods-making and exchange-based value (Value-in-Exchange/consumption) as well as cost-optimization.
- Value is generated during production, transferred at point of sale, and consumed by the customer.
- Value Co-Creation (Service-Dominant) involves continuous value generation with customers and suppliers that is derived from interactions.
Information technology and Value Networks
- How information technology leads to "value networks" oriented to customer needs and profitability is explored.
- Characteristics of value networks (holistic, nimble, scalable) are discussed in relation to customer service and information flow efficiency.
Information technology and Virtual Enterprises
- Describes how information technology creates virtual networks of organizations working together for value creation.
- Characteristics of these virtual enterprises include real-time information exchange, interaction, and optimization; and the lack of formal organizational structures.
Discussion
- Students are asked to identify and understand vertically integrated companies, supply chain integrators, and virtual enterprises.
- Discussion and detailed rationale for these concepts are encouraged.
Reference System of the Business
- Business process designs and their influencing variables are investigated in the "consolidation framework".
Consolidation framework for business process design
- The consolidation framework for business process design (including enterprise policies, human resources, information technology, and environment for the business process) is outlined.
Discussion
- Students will determine the criteria and key performance indicators for measuring business process results.
- An exploration of the influence of performance indicators on company strategy is expected.
Characteristics of Supply Chain Strategies
- This section examines the different types of supply chains classified by product/target group, business strategy/requirement, and distribution/workflow/information perspective.
Characteristics and Categorizations of Supply Chains #1 & #2 & #3
- These sections elaborate on the detailed categorization and characteristics of supply chains, including considerations around product/target group, business strategies, and perspectives (e.g. flow and information exchange).
- Customer-centric versus product-centric, direct competition versus alliances are key discussions.
Characteristics and Categorizations of Supply Chains #4 & #5
- Further criteria relating to supply chains and their business strategies are explored, including focus on capital goods offering, interlinked network strategies, and perspectives (material flow, etc.).
Summary of Categories and Characteristics
- A summary table outlining supply chain categories (product/target group, strategy/requirement, and flow perspective) and key characteristics is provided.
Discussion
- Students are asked to classify various companies (FHNW, SBB, UBS, Coop, Google) into the provided supply chain categories.
Logistics Management, Supply Chain Management, and Business Models
- Explores logistics management as a subset of the larger concepts of supply chain and business model management.
- Emphasizes the integration of logistics with other functional areas.
Primary functional areas integrated by Supply Chain Management
- A diagram showing the functional areas integrated by supply chain management is provided (e.g., inbound logistics, operations, procurement, marketing & distribution, outbound logistics, and customer service).
Discussion
- Students are asked to discuss similarities and differences between supply chain management and business models.
- A summary of the business model canvas is re-introduced.
Definition «Digital Business»
- The concept of "digital business"—understanding its definition and relation to e-business (e.g., e-commerce, e-procurement)— is covered, alongside the similarity and difference to supply chains.
Goals of digital networking in e-business
- The goals of digital networking in e-business are examined (avoidance of repetition, faster communication, competitive advantage, increased supplier interaction, reduced inventory, improved customer service, and value-creation partnerships).
Classification of terms in the context of "E-Business" or "Digital Business"
- This section classifies various terms within the broader context of e-business, including e-sourcing, e-procurement, e-commerce, e-organization, business software, and supply-demand relationships (B2B, B2C, C2C, etc.).
Further Supply/Demand Relationships in E-Business and E-Government
- This section explores different types of relationships in e-business, specifically concerning the exchange of information between consumers and businesses (B2C, C2C), administrative entities (B2A, C2A), and intergovernmental entities.
"Digital Business" and "Supply Chain Management"
- Similarities between the concepts are emphasized.
- The focus on value creation, integrating functions, and efficient processes is highlighted.
Discussion
- Current challenges faced by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Switzerland regarding digital business are to be assessed. A summary of the challenges, and their underlying rationale are required.
Areas of Activity in the Model of Networked Value Creation
- The model "Networked Value Creation," encompassing various interconnected areas of activity (e.g., strategic layer, process layer, and technology layer), is discussed.
Areas of Activity #1: All organizations use Supply Chain Management
- Procurement, internal supply chain, and sales interactions are examined as integral components.
Areas of Activity # 2
- Value contribution of suppliers and internal production/service elements, interactions with customers, integration in existing business models, and the role of processes are explored.
Model of Networked Value Creation
- "Big Picture" diagrams showing the interlinked components of the model are introduced.
Relation to FHNW School of Business Mission Statement and Competencies
- How the "Networked Value Creation" model aligns with the FHNW School's mission statement, including competencies (result-orientation, problem-solving, and innovation) is discussed.
Areas of activity # 3: SCM innovation potential.
- Four categories of innovation potential—connectivity, singularity, ubiquity and circularity—are presented to show current and upcoming innovation potential in SCM.
Self-study
- Study materials (slides, textbooks, videos) are outlined. Specific learning objectives and tasks (with preparation time) to prepare for subsequent in-class learning exercises are detailed.
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts and interactions in Digital Business and Supply Chain Management. Test your knowledge on B2A models, A2B interactions in E-Business, and the impact of digitalization on traditional supply chains. Discover important technologies and applications shaping the future of business.
