36 Questions
What is the purpose of the accessory organs in the digestive system?
To aid in breaking down food
Which layer of the alimentary canal replenishes itself every 3-7 days?
Epithelium
What is the function of the lamina propria in the mucosa layer?
To contain blood and lymphatic vessels
Which organ is not considered an accessory organ of the digestive system?
Esophagus
What is the role of muscularis mucosa in the alimentary canal?
To promote mechanical digestion and peristalsis
Why is there skeletal muscle at both ends of the alimentary canal?
To control what goes in and out
What is the primary function of the myenteric plexus?
To control the contractions of the alimentary canal
Which structure separates the abdominal cavity into two parts?
The peritoneum
What is the primary function of the tongue during ingestion?
To position food for chewing and swallowing
Which of the following is NOT a major salivary gland?
Buccal
What is the function of the epiglottis?
To prevent food from entering the trachea
Which phase of swallowing is controlled by the medulla oblongata?
All phases of swallowing
What is the primary function of the stomach?
To store and mix food before digestion
Which of the following is NOT a type of tooth in the permanent human dentition?
Bicuspids
What is the function of the lingual frenulum?
To hold the tongue in place
Which of the following is responsible for the dry mouth feeling associated with anxiety?
Sympathetic stimulation
What is the main function of the pyloric sphincter?
To control the movement of food from the stomach into the duodenum
Which cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor?
Parietal cells
What is the primary function of pepsin in the stomach?
To break down proteins
Which phase of gastric secretion occurs when the smell or thought of food triggers the release of gastric juices?
Cephalic phase
What is the primary function of the mucosal barrier in the stomach?
To protect the stomach lining from being digested by gastric juices
Which part of the small intestine is the longest?
Ileum
What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?
To increase the surface area for absorption
Which hormone is responsible for initiating peristaltic contractions in the small intestine after most of the chyme has been absorbed?
Motilin
What is the primary function of the circular folds in the small intestine?
To slow down the movement of chyme for better absorption
Which part of the small intestine receives bile and pancreatic juice through the hepatopancreatic ampulla?
Duodenum
What is the function of the ileocecal sphincter in the digestive system?
Relaxing to permit passage of chyme
Why does constipation occur if defecation is voluntarily delayed?
Excessive water absorption through osmosis
In the digestive system, where does lipid breakdown primarily occur?
Small intestine
What is the main function of dendritic cells in the digestive system?
Monitoring gut bacteria
Which organ is primarily responsible for secreting bile into the small intestine?
Liver
What is the primary role of hepatic portal vein in the digestive process?
Bringing oxygenated blood to the liver
Which action leads to mass movement in the large intestine?
Bearing down for defecation
What is the primary purpose of bile canaliculi in the liver?
Collecting bile secreted by hepatocytes
Which enzyme is responsible for digesting proteins in the small intestine?
Pepsin
What happens if bile secretion into the intestines is insufficient?
Formation of white stool with high fat content
Explore the main categories of the digestive system, including the alimentary canal (Gastrointestinal Tract) and the accessory organs. Learn about the structure of the alimentary canal, its layers, and the functions of the accessory organs in food breakdown.
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