Digestive System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the accessory organs in the digestive system?

  • To increase the length of the alimentary canal
  • To transport nutrients to different parts of the body
  • To provide structure to the intestines
  • To aid in breaking down food (correct)
  • Which layer of the alimentary canal replenishes itself every 3-7 days?

  • Serosa
  • Epithelium (correct)
  • Muscularis
  • Submucosa
  • What is the function of the lamina propria in the mucosa layer?

  • To increase surface area for digestion
  • To release hormones
  • To contain blood and lymphatic vessels (correct)
  • To replenish itself constantly
  • Which organ is not considered an accessory organ of the digestive system?

    <p>Esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of muscularis mucosa in the alimentary canal?

    <p>To promote mechanical digestion and peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is there skeletal muscle at both ends of the alimentary canal?

    <p>To control what goes in and out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the myenteric plexus?

    <p>To control the contractions of the alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure separates the abdominal cavity into two parts?

    <p>The peritoneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tongue during ingestion?

    <p>To position food for chewing and swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major salivary gland?

    <p>Buccal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis?

    <p>To prevent food from entering the trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of swallowing is controlled by the medulla oblongata?

    <p>All phases of swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stomach?

    <p>To store and mix food before digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of tooth in the permanent human dentition?

    <p>Bicuspids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lingual frenulum?

    <p>To hold the tongue in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for the dry mouth feeling associated with anxiety?

    <p>Sympathetic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the pyloric sphincter?

    <p>To control the movement of food from the stomach into the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor?

    <p>Parietal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pepsin in the stomach?

    <p>To break down proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of gastric secretion occurs when the smell or thought of food triggers the release of gastric juices?

    <p>Cephalic phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mucosal barrier in the stomach?

    <p>To protect the stomach lining from being digested by gastric juices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the small intestine is the longest?

    <p>Ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

    <p>To increase the surface area for absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for initiating peristaltic contractions in the small intestine after most of the chyme has been absorbed?

    <p>Motilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circular folds in the small intestine?

    <p>To slow down the movement of chyme for better absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the small intestine receives bile and pancreatic juice through the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

    <p>Duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ileocecal sphincter in the digestive system?

    <p>Relaxing to permit passage of chyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does constipation occur if defecation is voluntarily delayed?

    <p>Excessive water absorption through osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the digestive system, where does lipid breakdown primarily occur?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of dendritic cells in the digestive system?

    <p>Monitoring gut bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is primarily responsible for secreting bile into the small intestine?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of hepatic portal vein in the digestive process?

    <p>Bringing oxygenated blood to the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action leads to mass movement in the large intestine?

    <p>Bearing down for defecation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of bile canaliculi in the liver?

    <p>Collecting bile secreted by hepatocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for digesting proteins in the small intestine?

    <p>Pepsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if bile secretion into the intestines is insufficient?

    <p>Formation of white stool with high fat content</p> Signup and view all the answers

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