Digestive System Organs Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

  • To increase the surface area for nutrient absorption (correct)
  • To store excess nutrients
  • To produce digestive enzymes
  • To propel food through the small intestine

    • Which of the following is NOT a part of the small intestine?

  • Colon (correct)
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum
  • Duodenum

    • What is the primary function of the enzyme secretin produced in the duodenum?

  • To stimulate the production of pancreatic juice (correct)
  • To stimulate the production of gastric juice
  • To stimulate the contraction of the stomach
  • To stimulate the production of bile

    • What is the primary purpose of the circular folds (plica) in the small intestine?

    <p>To increase the surface area for absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the microvilli on the surface of the intestinal cells?

    <p>To increase the surface area for nutrient absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the brush border enzymes found on the microvilli of the small intestine?

    <p>To initiate the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

    <p>To continue the mechanical and chemical digestion of food, primarily proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?

    <p>Small Intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

    <p>To secrete saliva containing enzymes that initiate the breakdown of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the small intestine is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption?

    <p>Jejunum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the large intestine (colon) in the digestive system?

    <p>To absorb water and electrolytes from undigested food, forming feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

    <p>To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions that help break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct order of the steps involved in food nutrient absorption?

    <p>Break down food, absorb into bloodstream, eliminate waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an organ of the alimentary canal?

    <p>Salivary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the mechanical breakdown of food begin?

    <p>Mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is present in saliva and aids in the digestion of carbohydrates?

    <p>Amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the semi-solid mixture of partially digested food and gastric juices that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine?

    <p>Chyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the circular folds (plicae circulares) in the small intestine?

    <p>Facilitate the mechanical breakdown of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the brush border enzymes found on the microvilli of the small intestine?

    <p>Perform the final stages of carbohydrate and protein digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

    <p>Production of hydrochloric acid for protein digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct order of the steps involved in food nutrient absorption in the small intestine?

    <p>Villi -&gt; Microvilli -&gt; Capillaries -&gt; Lymphatic vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?

    <p>Esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the stomach is INCORRECT?

    <p>The stomach is responsible for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sequences correctly represents the order of the steps involved in nutrient absorption in the small intestine?

    <p>Enzymatic digestion, Chyme formation, Passive diffusion, Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the two types of digestion that occur in the human digestive system?

    <p>Mechanical digestion involves the physical breakdown of food by chewing and peristalsis, while chemical digestion involves the enzymatic breakdown of food molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is NOT produced by the salivary glands?

    <p>Pepsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the function of the gastric pits and gastric glands in the stomach?

    <p>Gastric pits secrete digestive enzymes like pepsin, while gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the function of the circular folds (plicae circulares) in the small intestine?

    <p>They increase the surface area for nutrient absorption by creating circular ridges along the intestinal lining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the hormone gastrin in the digestive process?

    <p>Gastrin stimulates the production of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen by the gastric glands in the stomach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the salivary glands in the digestive process?

    <p>The salivary glands secrete enzymes that initiate the chemical digestion of carbohydrates and protect against bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the function of the gastric pits and gastric glands in the stomach?

    <p>Gastric pits and gastric glands both secrete enzymes for the chemical digestion of proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hormone gastrin in the digestive process?

    <p>Stimulate the production of gastric juice and increase stomach motility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the function of the circular folds (plicae circulares) in the small intestine?

    <p>They increase the surface area for nutrient absorption by forming temporary ridges and grooves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the two types of digestion that occur in the human digestive system?

    <p>Mechanical digestion occurs in the mouth and stomach, while chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct order of the steps involved in food nutrient absorption in the small intestine?

    <p>Breakdown of food into smaller molecules, absorption into the bloodstream, elimination of waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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