Digestive System Organs Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

  • To increase the surface area for nutrient absorption (correct)
  • To store excess nutrients
  • To produce digestive enzymes
  • To propel food through the small intestine

Which of the following is NOT a part of the small intestine?

  • Colon (correct)
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum
  • Duodenum

What is the primary function of the enzyme secretin produced in the duodenum?

  • To stimulate the production of pancreatic juice (correct)
  • To stimulate the production of gastric juice
  • To stimulate the contraction of the stomach
  • To stimulate the production of bile

What is the primary purpose of the circular folds (plica) in the small intestine?

<p>To increase the surface area for absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the microvilli on the surface of the intestinal cells?

<p>To increase the surface area for nutrient absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the brush border enzymes found on the microvilli of the small intestine?

<p>To initiate the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

<p>To continue the mechanical and chemical digestion of food, primarily proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?

<p>Small Intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

<p>To secrete saliva containing enzymes that initiate the breakdown of carbohydrates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the small intestine is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption?

<p>Jejunum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the large intestine (colon) in the digestive system?

<p>To absorb water and electrolytes from undigested food, forming feces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

<p>To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions that help break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of the steps involved in food nutrient absorption?

<p>Break down food, absorb into bloodstream, eliminate waste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an organ of the alimentary canal?

<p>Salivary glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the mechanical breakdown of food begin?

<p>Mouth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is present in saliva and aids in the digestion of carbohydrates?

<p>Amylase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the semi-solid mixture of partially digested food and gastric juices that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine?

<p>Chyme (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream?

<p>Small intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the circular folds (plicae circulares) in the small intestine?

<p>Facilitate the mechanical breakdown of food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the brush border enzymes found on the microvilli of the small intestine?

<p>Perform the final stages of carbohydrate and protein digestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

<p>Production of hydrochloric acid for protein digestion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of the steps involved in food nutrient absorption in the small intestine?

<p>Villi -&gt; Microvilli -&gt; Capillaries -&gt; Lymphatic vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?

<p>Esophagus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the stomach is INCORRECT?

<p>The stomach is responsible for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the order of the steps involved in nutrient absorption in the small intestine?

<p>Enzymatic digestion, Chyme formation, Passive diffusion, Active transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the two types of digestion that occur in the human digestive system?

<p>Mechanical digestion involves the physical breakdown of food by chewing and peristalsis, while chemical digestion involves the enzymatic breakdown of food molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is NOT produced by the salivary glands?

<p>Pepsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the function of the gastric pits and gastric glands in the stomach?

<p>Gastric pits secrete digestive enzymes like pepsin, while gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the function of the circular folds (plicae circulares) in the small intestine?

<p>They increase the surface area for nutrient absorption by creating circular ridges along the intestinal lining. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the hormone gastrin in the digestive process?

<p>Gastrin stimulates the production of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen by the gastric glands in the stomach. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the salivary glands in the digestive process?

<p>The salivary glands secrete enzymes that initiate the chemical digestion of carbohydrates and protect against bacteria. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the function of the gastric pits and gastric glands in the stomach?

<p>Gastric pits and gastric glands both secrete enzymes for the chemical digestion of proteins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hormone gastrin in the digestive process?

<p>Stimulate the production of gastric juice and increase stomach motility. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the function of the circular folds (plicae circulares) in the small intestine?

<p>They increase the surface area for nutrient absorption by forming temporary ridges and grooves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the two types of digestion that occur in the human digestive system?

<p>Mechanical digestion occurs in the mouth and stomach, while chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of the steps involved in food nutrient absorption in the small intestine?

<p>Breakdown of food into smaller molecules, absorption into the bloodstream, elimination of waste. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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