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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the esophagus in the digestive system?
What is the main function of the esophagus in the digestive system?
- To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream
- To transport food to the stomach (correct)
- To mix food with stomach acid and digestive enzymes
- To break down food into smaller pieces
Which organ produces digestive enzymes to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
Which organ produces digestive enzymes to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
- Liver
- Pancreas (correct)
- Gallbladder
- Stomach
What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?
What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?
- To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream (correct)
- To secrete digestive enzymes
- To store bile
- To filter blood and remove toxins
What is the role of the liver in the digestive system?
What is the role of the liver in the digestive system?
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What is the main function of the large intestine (colon)?
What is the main function of the large intestine (colon)?
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What is chemical digestion in the digestive system?
What is chemical digestion in the digestive system?
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Questions and Answers
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Digestive System
Organs:
- Mouth:
- Contains teeth for mechanical digestion
- Salivary glands produce saliva with enzymes to break down carbohydrates
- Esophagus:
- Muscular tube that transports food to the stomach
- Uses peristalsis to move food
- Stomach:
- Sac-like organ that mixes food with stomach acid and digestive enzymes
- Secretes mucus to protect lining from acid
- Small Intestine:
- Long, thin tube where most nutrient absorption occurs
- Walls lined with finger-like projections (villi) to increase surface area
- Liver:
- Produces bile to aid in fat digestion
- Filters blood and removes toxins
- Gallbladder:
- Stores bile from the liver
- Releases bile into the small intestine through ducts
- Pancreas:
- Produces digestive enzymes to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
- Regulates blood sugar levels by producing insulin and glucagon
- Large Intestine (Colon):
- Absorbs water and electrolytes
- Stores and eliminates waste
Functions:
- Mechanical Digestion: Breaking down food into smaller pieces (e.g., chewing, churning)
- Chemical Digestion: Breaking down nutrients into absorbable forms (e.g., enzymes, acids)
- Absorption: Taking in nutrients through the walls of the digestive tract
- Elimination: Removing waste products from the body
Digestive System Organs
- Mouth contains teeth for mechanical digestion and salivary glands that produce saliva with enzymes to break down carbohydrates.
- Esophagus is a muscular tube that transports food to the stomach using peristalsis.
- Stomach is a sac-like organ that mixes food with stomach acid and digestive enzymes, and secretes mucus to protect its lining from acid.
- Small intestine is a long, thin tube where most nutrient absorption occurs, with walls lined with finger-like projections (villi) to increase surface area.
Digestive System Organs ((cont.)
- Liver produces bile to aid in fat digestion and filters blood, removing toxins.
- Gallbladder stores bile from the liver and releases it into the small intestine through ducts.
- Pancreas produces digestive enzymes to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, and regulates blood sugar levels by producing insulin and glucagon.
- Large intestine (colon) absorbs water and electrolytes, stores, and eliminates waste.
Digestive System Functions
- Mechanical digestion involves breaking down food into smaller pieces through processes like chewing and churning.
- Chemical digestion breaks down nutrients into absorbable forms using enzymes and acids.
- Absorption involves taking in nutrients through the walls of the digestive tract.
- Elimination removes waste products from the body.
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