Digestive System Nervous Supply Overview

What is the function of the Myenteric plexus in the alimentary canal?

Regulating digestive secretions (correct)
Transporting nutrients to the liver
Restricting enteric neurons
Increasing GI secretion

Which layer of the stomach is described as being most superficial and located inside the abdominal cavity?

Enteric nervous system
Myenteric plexus
Submucosa
Serosa (correct)

What is the function of the Parasympathetic nerves in the alimentary canal?

Transport nutrients to organs
Regulate digestive secretions
Increase GI secretion (correct)
Restrict enteric neurons

Which nervous system runs from the esophagus to the anus, divided into Myenteric and submucosal plexuses?

Enteric nervous system (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Parietal peritoneum in relation to the abdominal cavity?

Lines the abdominal wall (C) Signup and view all the answers

During resting and digesting, what percentage of blood pumped enters arteries serving the intestines?

25% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the mucosal barrier in the stomach?

To protect the stomach wall from the acidic environment (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

It breaks down protein (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the development of stomach ulcers?

Damage to the mucosal barrier by NSAIDs or H. pylori infection (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of food emptying from the stomach?

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of intrinsic factor secreted in the stomach?

To produce red blood cells and support neurological function (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the mixing waves in the stomach?

To create chyme by mixing the food with digestive enzymes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What causes methane gas in the digestive system?

Bacteria breaking down indigestible sugars (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hepatocytes in the liver?

Produce and process bile (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Valsalva maneuver in defecation?

Increases intra-abdominal pressure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of bile in the digestive system?

Emulsify lipids (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if delayed defecation occurs for too long?

Increased water absorption leading to constipation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ stores extra bile in the human body?

Gallbladder (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the large intestine is connected to the ileum?

Cecum (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

Formation of feces and elimination of waste (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the bacterial flora in the large intestine is NOT true?

They are pathogenic and cause disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the appendix in the large intestine?

It is a reservoir for enteric bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following movements occurs approximately 3-4 times per day in the large intestine?

Mass movement (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fiber in the large intestine?

It softens the stool and increases contraction power (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pancreatic juice?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the gallbladder?

To store, concentrate, and propel bile into the duodenum (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of carbohydrate digestion?

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth and is completed in the small intestine by pancreatic amylase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the sodium-potassium pump in the context of mineral absorption?

To absorb and balance electrolytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

How are lipids (fats) broken down and absorbed in the small intestine?

Lipids are broken down by pancreatic lipase, and the resulting free fatty acids and monoglycerides are enclosed in micelles for absorption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary fate of iron that is not immediately needed for absorption?

It is stored bound to ferritin in intestinal epithelial cells (C) Signup and view all the answers