Digestive System Functions and Anatomy

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

Which part of the small intestine is primarily responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption?

What is the function of bile produced by the liver?

What role does the pancreas play in digestion?

What is the main function of the large intestine?

Which of the following protective measures is NOT recommended for safety against chemical hazards?

Which step is NOT part of the recommended strategies to prevent food poisoning?

Which route is associated with the ingestion of chemical hazards?

Which of the following accurately describes a function of the digestive system?

What is the correct order of the four stages of food processing?

What role does the epiglottis play in the digestive system?

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for pushing the bolus toward the stomach?

Which of the following statements about the tongue is true?

What is the process by which food is moved through the esophagus?

Which of the following contributes to the breakdown of food in the mouth?

What function do the salivary glands perform in the digestive system?

Digestive System Functions

Breaks down food into nutrients
Absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream
Removes indigestible waste

Stages of Food Processing

Ingestion - Taking in food
Digestion - Breaking down food into nutrients
Absorption - Nutrients taken in by cells
Egestion - Removing leftover waste

Parts of the Digestive System

Mouth
- Teeth mechanically break down food
- Tongue mixes food with saliva (containing amylase, which breaks down starch)
- Epiglottis prevents food from entering the trachea
Salivary Glands
- Produce saliva
Tongue
- Pushes food into the esophagus
- Mixes food and helps with speech
- Used for tasting
Pharynx
- Divided into nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
- Bolus passes through the pharynx on it's way to the esophagus
Esophagus
- Muscular tube between the mouth and stomach
- Bolus travels through the esophagus by peristalsis
Peristalsis
- Wave of muscular contractions that propel the bolus toward the stomach
Stomach
- Muscular pouch that mixes the bolus with gastric juice (a mixture of stomach acid, mucus, and enzymes)
Small Intestine
- Where 90% of nutrient absorption takes place
- Divided into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
- Duodenum
  - Connects the stomach to the small intestine
- Jejunum
  - Where most of the absorption takes place
- Ileum
  - Final portion of the small intestine
  - Compacts leftover food to pass into the large intestine
Liver
- Produces bile (stored in the gallbladder)
- Bile breaks down fats
Pancreas
- Secretes juice to reduce the acidity of chyme (partially digested food)
Large Intestine (Colon)
- Absorbs water from waste
- Produces vitamin K and some B vitamins using bacteria
- Sections:
  - Ascending colon
  - Transverse colon
  - Descending colon
  - Sigmoid colon
  - Rectum
  - Anal Canal

Safety of the Digestive System

Tools of Protection
- Chemical protective clothing
- Gloves
- Eye protection
- Face mask
Chemical Hazard Routes
- Digestive System
  - Ingestion
  - Inhalation
- Integumentary System
  - Skin contact
  - Skin absorption

Food Poisoning

Prevention Steps and Strategies
- Clean
- Separate
- Cook
- Chill

Test your knowledge on the functions and parts of the digestive system. This quiz covers the stages of food processing and roles of different organs in digestion. Prepare to explore the complex processes that enable our body to absorb nutrients and eliminate waste.