Questions and Answers
Which of the following organs is an accessory digestive organ?
All of these organs contribute to mechanical digestion EXCEPT?
What are the structural modifications of the small intestine that increase the surface area for digestion and absorption?
Circular folds, villi, microvilli
Which type of nerve fibers are NOT found in smooth muscle?
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The nerve plexus located between the two layers of the muscularis externa is the __________ and its function is __________.
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There are three layers of smooth muscle in the muscularis externa of the stomach.
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Study Notes
Digestive System Overview
- The alimentary canal includes the digestive tract that runs from the oral cavity to the anus.
- Accessory digestive organs: tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder.
Accessory Digestive Organs
- The gallbladder is an accessory organ; its primary function is to store and release bile into the alimentary canal.
- Other accessory organs include teeth and tongue, as well as the liver and pancreas.
Mechanical Digestion
- The small intestines, tongue, teeth, and salivary glands contribute to mechanical digestion.
- Salivary glands (submandibular, sublingual, parotid) do not perform mechanical digestion.
Anatomy of the Digestive Tract
- Gross anatomy diagrams of the large intestine illustrate its structure.
- Small intestine features structural modifications for increased absorption: circular folds, villi, microvilli.
Nervous System and Smooth Muscle
- Preganglionic sympathetic fibers are not found in smooth muscle; they synapse in collateral ganglia before continuing to the gastrointestinal tract.
- Postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers are present in the smooth muscle.
Myenteric Nerve Plexus
- The myenteric nerve plexus is located between the muscularis externa layers and is responsible for controlling peristalsis and segmentation of the digestive tract.
Stomach Histology
- The stomach's histological structure has key differences: it contains three layers of smooth muscle in the muscularis externa.
- The outer layer of the stomach is covered by serosa (visceral peritoneum), differentiating it from other digestive tract regions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the digestive system with these flashcards. Learn about the alimentary canal and accessory digestive organs including the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas. This quiz is designed to reinforce key concepts in digestion and related anatomy.
