Digestive System Chapter 23: Overview and GI Tract Layers
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the myenteric plexus in the alimentary canal?

  • Transporting nutrients to organs
  • Regulating digestive secretions (correct)
  • Increasing GI secretion
  • Restricting enteric neurons

    • Which nervous system innervates the alimentary canal extrinsically?

  • Parasympathetic nervous system
  • Autonomic nervous system (correct)
  • Sympathetic nervous system
  • Enteric nervous system

    • What is the function of the visceral peritoneum?

  • Envelopes the abdominal organs (correct)
  • Propels food to the stomach
  • Lines the abdominal wall
  • Regulates digestive secretions

    • During which process does the mouth begin the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates and lipids?

    <p>Activating in the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

    <p>Propelling food to the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of blood pumped enters arteries serving the intestines while resting and digesting?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the GI tract is responsible for mechanical digestion and peristalsis?

    <p>Muscularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is present in the stomach and intestines?

    <p>Columnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the GI tract contains goblet cells that secrete mucus?

    <p>Mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the accessory digestive organs mentioned in the text?

    <p>Liver, gallbladder, pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the GI tract contains a collection of nerves called the submucosal plexus?

    <p>Submucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle is involved in swallowing and defecation at both ends of the GI tract?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the small intestine in the digestive process?

    <p>Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the release of gastric acid in the stomach?

    <p>Gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tongue in the digestive process?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a short reflex in the digestive system?

    <p>Expansion of the stomach triggering increased digestive juice production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure prevents food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing?

    <p>Uvula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which undigested materials are removed from the body?

    <p>Defecation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the lower esophageal sphincter?

    <p>To regulate the movement of food from the esophagus to the stomach and prevent acid reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct sequence of the swallowing (deglutition) process?

    <p>Voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

    <p>To regulate the emptying of the stomach contents into the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the stomach stores undigested food and gases?

    <p>Fundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate time it takes for solid food to travel from the mouth to the stomach?

    <p>4-8 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the size of the stomach is true?

    <p>The empty stomach is about the size of a fist and can stretch to hold 4 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the lingual frenulum?

    <p>To anchor the tongue to the floor of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of saliva?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the salivary amylase enzyme?

    <p>To initiate the breakdown of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of teeth in the permanent set?

    <p>Bicuspids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

    <p>To prevent food from entering the trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate length of the esophagus?

    <p>10 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

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