Digestive System Anatomy Quiz

Innermost layer of the digestive tract wall; responsible for absorption and secretion.

Epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa, each with specific functions.

Muscle layer of the digestive tract wall; responsible for movement of food.

Usually 2 layers of smooth muscle (inner circular, outer longitudinal). Stomach has 3.

Outermost layer of the digestive tract wall; consists of visceral peritoneum.

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory organs.

Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum - parts of the small intestine.

Cecum with appendix and other parts. Absorbs water and forms feces.

A layer of connective tissue found in the digestive tract wall, containing blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. It plays a role in nourishment and protection.

The first section of the large intestine, extending upwards from the cecum.

The horizontal section of the large intestine, connecting the ascending and descending colon.

The section of the large intestine that descends downwards from the transverse colon.

The S-shaped section of the large intestine connecting the descending colon to the rectum.

The final straight section of the large intestine before the anus.

The opening at the end of the digestive system through which waste is expelled.

Deciduous teeth, also called milk teeth, are the first set of teeth that erupt in children. They are temporary and eventually replaced by permanent teeth.

There are three major salivary glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual. They produce saliva, which helps with digestion.

The largest salivary gland, located near the ear. It produces purely serous saliva and its duct is called Stensen's duct.

The second largest salivary gland. It makes both serous and mucous saliva, but mostly serous. Its duct is called Wharton's duct.

The smallest of the three salivary glands. It produces mostly mucous saliva and has multiple ducts.

The duct that carries saliva from the parotid gland to the mouth. It opens opposite the upper second molar tooth.

The duct that carries saliva from the submandibular gland to the mouth. It opens at the sublingual papillae.

A viral infection that causes swelling of the parotid glands, resulting in painful parotitis.

The facial nerve runs through the parotid gland, which is why mumps can sometimes cause facial paralysis.

A fluid produced by the liver that helps digest fats. It is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine.

A duct that carries bile from the liver to the gallbladder and the small intestine. It is formed by the union of the left and right hepatic ducts.

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile, which is released into the small intestine when needed for fat digestion.

A vital organ that releases digestive enzymes and hormones. It has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

A small opening where the common bile duct and pancreatic duct join before emptying into the duodenum.

The uppermost part of the pharynx, located behind the nasal cavity. It is involved in breathing and the immune response.

The middle part of the pharynx, located behind the oral cavity. It contains the palatine tonsils which play a role in immune defense.

The lowermost part of the pharynx, located behind the larynx. It connects to the esophagus.

Three anatomical constrictions in the esophagus: the pharyngo-esophageal junction, where the left main bronchus crosses the esophagus, and where it pierces the diaphragm.

The stomach has two curvatures: the greater curvature, which is the outer curve, and the lesser curvature, which is the inner curve.

Cells in the stomach lining that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor, which is essential for vitamin B12 absorption.

Cells in the stomach lining that secrete pepsinogen, a precursor to pepsin, an enzyme that digests protein.

A prominent projection in the duodenum where the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct join and open into the small intestine.

A mixture of partially digested food and gastric juices found in the stomach.

The middle section of the small intestine, about 8 feet long, responsible for nutrient absorption.

Circular folds in the small intestine that further increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.

The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal.

Sacculations, or pouches, in the large intestine that give it a segmented appearance.

Three bands of longitudinal smooth muscle that run the length of the large intestine.

Fat-filled pouches hanging off the large intestine, function unclear.

The liver filters blood, produces bile, and performs many other metabolic functions.