30 Questions
What is the absorbable form of carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal tract?
Monosaccharides
Which of the following is NOT a monosaccharide?
Maltose
What are the consequences of undernutrition discussed by Professor Hanan H.Fouad?
Marasmus, Cachexia, and Kwashiorkor
Which of the following substances is classified as a polysaccharide?
Glycogen
What is the primary function of cellulose in the context of digestion?
Structural component
How are all complex carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal tract converted for absorption?
To monosaccharides
What is the main reason behind lactose intolerance?
Absence of lactase enzyme
Where are the disaccharidases responsible for the hydrolysis of disaccharides located?
Brush border of intestinal mucosal cells
What are the clinical manifestations of lactose intolerance?
Abdominal cramps
What happens when undigested lactose in the intestinal lumen is acted upon by bacteria?
It is converted to CO2, H2, and various acids
How do CO2 and H2 affect the digestive system in lactose intolerance?
They cause distensions and flatulence
What treatment approach is recommended for lactose intolerance?
Feeding a lactose-free diet and avoiding lactose-rich foods
Which organs are involved in the active uptake of glucose against concentration gradient?
Small intestine and kidney
What is the clinical significance of the γ – glutamyl cycle?
Affects amino acids absorption
Which symptoms are associated with Hartnup disease?
Skin rash and anxiety
What type of disorder is Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?
Autosomal recessive
What do defective genes cause in people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?
Sticky and thick secretions
Which cells are affected by Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?
Cells producing mucus, sweat, and digestive juices
Which enzyme is responsible for converting polysaccharides to disaccharides?
Salivary Amylase
What is the role of disaccharidases in the digestion of carbohydrates?
Convert disaccharides to monosaccharides
Why does carbohydrate digestion stop in the stomach?
Salivary amylase becomes inactive due to high acidity
Which enzyme degrades dextrin further into maltose, isomaltose, and limit dextrin?
Pancreatic Amylase
What stimulates the release of pancreatic juice during digestion in the duodenum?
Secretin & cholecystokinin (CCK)
What is the optimum pH for pancreatic α-amylase to function effectively?
7.1
What is the main role of secretions in cystic fibrosis?
Blocking tubes, ducts, and passageways
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of cystic fibrosis?
High body temperature
What effect does gluten exposure have on people with celiac disease?
Damages the villi
What is believed to be the causative factor of tropical sprue?
Bacterial infection
What occurs as a result of the infection in tropical sprue?
Intestinal stasis
Which of the following is a symptom of coeliac disease?
Nasal polyps
Learn about the disaccharidases located on the brush border of the small intestine mucosal cells and the clinical manifestations of lactose intolerance due to Lactase enzyme deficiency.
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