B5M3: Digestion and Absorption in the Small Intestine - BRS 2019
30 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which enzyme in the intestinal brush border hydrolyzes oligosaccharides to glucose?

  • Maltase (correct)
  • Lactase
  • Sucrase
  • Trehalase

    • Which disaccharide is degraded by sucrase in the small intestine?

  • Lactose
  • Trehalose
  • Maltose
  • Sucrose (correct)

    • What is the primary sugar transport mechanism from the intestinal lumen into cells for glucose and galactose?

  • Active transport with K+
  • Symport with Na+ (SGLT1) (correct)
  • Passive diffusion
  • Facilitated diffusion (GLUT2)

    • What enzyme hydrolyzes 1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch to yield maltose and maltotriose?

    <p>Amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme degrades lactose to glucose and galactose?

    <p>Lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are glucose and galactose transported from the cell to blood after absorption in the small intestine?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion (GLUT2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of pancreatic proteases after their digestive work is complete?

    <p>They degrade each other and are absorbed along with dietary proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the digestive products of protein absorbed?

    <p>As amino acids, dipeptides, and tripeptides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of amino acid transport occurs in the luminal membrane via Na+-dependent amino acid cotransport?

    <p>Neutral amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to dipeptides and tripeptides after they are transported into intestinal cells?

    <p>Cytoplasmic peptidases hydrolyze them to amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does low duodenal pH have on pancreatic lipase?

    <p>Inactivates pancreatic lipase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does ileal resection affect the bile acid pool?

    <p>Depletes the bile acid pool because bile acids do not recirculate to the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which some strains of Escherichia coli cause diarrhea?

    <p>Opening of Cl- channels in the luminal membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the inclusion of glucose in oral rehydration solutions help counteract secretory losses?

    <p>Stimulates absorption via Na+-glucose cotransport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should be asked when assessing a child with diarrhea according to the WHO history?

    <p>Number of watery stools per day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should skin turgor be assessed to check for signs of dehydration in a child?

    <p>Pinching and releasing the skin over the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the signs indicating dehydration when offering water or ORS solution to a child with diarrhea?

    <p>Child refuses to drink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of assessing pre-illness feeding practices and immunization history in a child with diarrhea?

    <p>To identify potential causes and risk factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for Asymptomatic cyst excretors infected with Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>Iodoquinol PO for 30-40 mg/kg/day for 20 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In high-income countries, when is judicious treatment of Shigella spp. recommended?

    <p>For moderate to severe disease, immunocompromised patients, preventive measures in certain settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which group does WHO recommend empiric antibiotics for dysentery caused by Shigella?

    <p>For all children in developing countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment duration with Tinidazole for mild to moderate intestinal disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>5 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should treatment for Shigella spp. be considered in high-income countries according to the text?

    <p>For moderate to severe disease, immunocompromised patients, or to prevent/mitigate outbreaks in specific settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should follow the initial treatment of Entamoeba histolytica infections to prevent relapse?

    <p>Iodoquinol PO tid × 20 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate indication for the adjunctive use of corticosteroids at the onset of anti-Pneumocystis therapy?

    <p>Po2 less than 70 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prophylactic regimen is effective in preventing Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with HIV?

    <p>800 mg sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg trimethoprim once daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole considered as adjunctive therapy for incision and drainage of complicated MRSA abscesses?

    <p>Increasing incidence of community-acquired MRSA infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which infection is NOT effectively treated with a combination of doxycycline and streptomycin or gentamicin?

    <p>Pneumocystis pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of the lower prophylactic doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Less frequent adverse reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the treatment of brucellosis, what can be an effective substitute for the doxycycline combination?

    <p>Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser