L6 Diffusion of Respiratory Gases
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between atmospheric air and alveolar air?

  • Atmospheric air contains more carbon dioxide, while alveolar air contains more water vapor.
  • Atmospheric air has a higher partial pressure of oxygen, while alveolar air has a higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide. (correct)
  • Atmospheric air contains more nitrogen, while alveolar air contains more oxygen.
  • Atmospheric air has a higher overall pressure, while alveolar air has a lower overall pressure.

    • What are the three main components of the respiratory membrane?

  • Alveolar membrane, capillary wall, and pleural fluid.
  • Alveolar membrane, interstitial fluid, and capillary wall. (correct)
  • Alveolar membrane, bronchial wall, and capillary wall.
  • Alveolar membrane, interstitial fluid, and bronchial wall.

    • According to Fick's law, which of the following factors is directly proportional to the rate of gas diffusion?

  • The molecular weight of the gas.
  • The pressure gradient across the respiratory membrane. (correct)
  • The thickness of the respiratory membrane.
  • The solubility of the gas.

    • What is the approximate thickness of the respiratory membrane?

    <p>0.6 micron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is inversely proportional to the rate of gas diffusion according to Fick's law?

    <p>The thickness of the respiratory membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall pressure of atmospheric air?

    <p>760 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gases has the highest solubility in the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors would increase the rate of gas diffusion across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Decreasing the solubility of the gas in the respiratory membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of decreased gas exchange in emphysema?

    <p>Destruction of alveolar blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the diffusion coefficients of CO2 and O2 across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>The diffusion coefficient of CO2 is 20 times greater than that of O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the difference between the PO2 of blood leaving the alveolar capillaries and the PO2 in the systemic arteries?

    <p>Physiological shunt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors would most increase the diffusion of oxygen across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Increase in the alveolar-capillary oxygen pressure gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of decreased gas exchange in bronchial asthma?

    <p>Less ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the blood leaving the alveolar capillaries?

    <p>100 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) in the blood leaving the alveolar capillaries?

    <p>40 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the respiratory membrane?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between atmospheric air and alveolar air?

    <p>Atmospheric air has a higher carbon dioxide content, while alveolar air has a higher oxygen content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, what is the primary factor that affects the diffusion of gases across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Pressure gradient of gases across the membrane (Henry's Law)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the surface area of the respiratory membrane during exercise?

    <p>It increases due to the opening of closed pulmonary capillaries and the dilatation of capillaries and alveoli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions would decrease gas diffusion across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Lung fibrosis, which changes the nature of the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂) in the alveolar air is 100 mmHg and the partial pressure of oxygen in the venous blood is 40 mmHg, in which direction will oxygen diffuse?

    <p>From alveolar air to venous blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas has a higher diffusion coefficient than oxygen, based on the information provided?

    <p>Helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that affects the rate of diffusion, according to the equation $\frac{1}{D} \propto \frac{d}{A}$?

    <p>The thickness of the respiratory membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition would result in a high ventilation-perfusion ratio (V/Q), leading to decreased gas exchange?

    <p>Pulmonary thrombi or emboli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, which factor would NOT directly affect gas diffusion across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Ambient temperature and humidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

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