Osmosis and Diffusion Quiz: Test Your Knowledge of Cellular Transport

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Questions and Answers

What were the limitations of Thomson's model of the atom?

Failed to explain arrangement of protons and electrons in an atom

What are α-particles and their characteristics?

Charged particles with two units of positive charge and four units of mass (double-charged helium ions)

Why did Rutherford select gold for his α-particle scattering experiment?

Gold is easily malleable and can be beaten into very thin sheets

What were the observations made by Rutherford during his α-particle scattering experiment?

Most particles passed through foil, some deflected at small angles, few rebounded Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the conclusions drawn from Rutherford's α-particle scattering experiment?

Most of the space inside the atom is empty Signup and view all the answers

Why did Rutherford not expect to see large deflections in his α-particle scattering experiment?

Because alpha particles were much heavier than protons Signup and view all the answers

What information does the slope of a distance-time graph provide?

The speed of the object Signup and view all the answers

How can you determine the speed of an object from a distance-time graph?

By observing the steepness of the graph Signup and view all the answers

Describe the nature of a distance-time graph when an object has non-uniform motion.

It is a curve with varying slopes Signup and view all the answers

What does a horizontal line in a velocity-time graph represent?

Constant velocity Signup and view all the answers

How is the velocity-time graph for a body with uniformly changing velocity?

A straight line Signup and view all the answers

What does a curve with increasing slope in a velocity-time graph indicate?

Non-uniform change in velocity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the scattering of a beam of light when passed through a colloidal solution?

Tyndall effect Signup and view all the answers

Define a sol in the context of colloids.

Colloid in which dispersed medium is a liquid and dispersed phase is solid Signup and view all the answers

Describe an emulsion in the context of colloids.

Colloid in which both dispersed phase and dispersed medium are in liquid state Signup and view all the answers

What is an aerosol in colloidal chemistry?

Colloid in which dispersed phase is either liquid or a solid and dispersed medium is a gas Signup and view all the answers

How are suspensions different from solutions?

Solute particles in suspensions do not dissolve but remain suspended Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical change?

Change in shape, size, appearance, or state without altering chemical composition Signup and view all the answers

Why is a long lactation period desirable in milch animals?

To ensure high milk production over an extended period. Signup and view all the answers

How can high-quality breeds be obtained in cattle farming?

By cross-breeding exotic breeds showing long lactation with local breeds resistant to diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key aspects of proper cattle management for good health and milk production?

Shelter, feeding, breeding, and disease control. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the ideal cattle shelter.

Well-ventilated, hygienic, and dry. Signup and view all the answers

Why is a balanced diet important for cattle?

It ensures healthy maintenance and optimal milk production. Signup and view all the answers

How can cattle diseases be controlled?

Through vaccinations. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between diffusion and osmosis.

Diffusion is the movement of a substance from higher to lower concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from high to low water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

The cell will lose water and shrink due to water moving out of the cell into the hypertonic solution. Signup and view all the answers

Describe plasmolysis in plant cells.

Plasmolysis is the shrinkage of the protoplasm away from the cell wall due to water loss through osmosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a cell organelle?

A cell organelle has a specific function within a cell and is usually enclosed within its own membrane. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of genes in determining characteristics of an organism.

Genes are hereditary units made of DNA that occupy specific locations on chromosomes and determine particular characteristics in an organism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the plasma membrane?

The plasma membrane surrounds the cell and regulates the flow of substances to and from the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Brownian movement refers to the constant collision of particles in continuous motion.
The scattering of light in a colloidal solution is known as the Tyndall effect.
Colloids are classified based on the state of the dispersed medium and dispersed phase.
A sol is a colloid where the dispersed medium is a liquid and the dispersed phase is solid.
An emulsion is a colloid where both the dispersed phase and dispersed medium are in a liquid state.
Aerosol is a colloid where the dispersed phase is either liquid or solid, and the dispersed medium is a gas.
Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures with visible particles that do not dissolve but remain suspended.
Physical changes involve alterations in shape, size, appearance, or state without changing the chemical composition.
Chemical changes result in the formation of new substances and are usually accompanied by heat exchange.
Thomson's model of the atom lacked an explanation for the arrangement of protons and electrons within an atom.
Rutherford's alpha-particle scattering experiment used gold due to its malleability.
Observations from Rutherford's experiment showed most alpha-particles passed through the gold foil, with some deflections and rebounds.
Key terms include diffusion, osmosis, hypertonic solution, hypotonic solution, isotonic solution, plasmolysis, genes, plasma membrane, and cell wall.
The speed of an object is determined by the slope of the distance-time graph.
Uniform circular motion involves constant speed but changing velocity.
Cattle management for good health and milk production includes proper shelter, feeding, breeding, and disease control.
Poultry farming focuses on egg production and broiler production, with cross-breeding for desirable traits.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the concepts of diffusion, osmosis, hypertonic solution, and hypotonic solution with this quiz. Learn about the movement of substances and water across membranes based on concentration gradients.