3.1 Quiz 1
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Questions and Answers

Which type of gas transfer is N2O an example of?

  • Membrane thickness-limited
  • Graham's law-limited
  • Perfusion-limited (correct)
  • Diffusion-limited
  • What is the equilibration time for N2O, as mentioned in the text?

  • ~0.30 s
  • ~1.00 s
  • ~0.50 s
  • ~0.15 s (correct)
  • Which gas is normally perfusion-limited?

  • N2O
  • O2 (correct)
  • CO
  • H2
  • What property makes CO a diffusion-limited gas?

    <p>Binds readily to Hb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the transfer of CO differ from that of O2?

    <p>CO is only limited by properties of the respiratory membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Fick's Law of Diffusion, the rate of diffusion of a gas through a tissue sheet is directly proportional to which of the following?

    <p>Solubility coefficient of the gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly influences the diffusion coefficient of a gas in a liquid according to Fick's Law?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When considering Graham's Law of Diffusion, what does the faster diffusion of carbon dioxide compared to oxygen primarily depend on?

    <p>Molecular weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in membrane thickness impact the rate of diffusion of gases through the membrane, according to Fick's Law?

    <p>It decreases the rate of diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the square root of the diffusion coefficient and the rate of gas diffusion through a tissue sheet in Fick's Law?

    <p>No relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Fick's Law of Diffusion, which of the following factors impacts the rate of diffusion?

    <p>Thickness of the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increased solubility of a gas affect its rate of diffusion?

    <p>Increases it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of Graham’s Law, what does a lower molecular weight of a gas indicate?

    <p>It diffuses faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in the surface area available for diffusion affect the rate of diffusion?

    <p>Speeds it up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of an increased thickness of the alveolar-capillary unit on the rate of diffusion?

    <p>It slows down the diffusion rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the diffusing capacity of the lung?

    <p>Thickness of the respiratory membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas is often used to measure the diffusing capacity of the lung due to its nonlethal nature?

    <p>Carbon monoxide (CO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limits oxygen consumption in the body during physical activities?

    <p>Maximal cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the diffusing capacity of oxygen be increased during exercise?

    <p>By increasing ventilation and pressure gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to mixed venous PO2 levels during exercise compared to rest?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is directly proportional to the rate at which a gas diffuses according to Fick's Law of Diffusion?

    <p>Solubility coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on Graham's Law, what can be concluded about the diffusion rates of CO2 and O2?

    <p>O2 diffuses faster due to its heavier molecular weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of diffusion, what effect does an increase in barrier thickness have on the process?

    <p>Slows down diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the solubility of a gas and its rate of diffusion in a liquid?

    <p>The more soluble gas diffuses faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the diffusion coefficient for CO2 compare to that of O2 based on their molecular weights and solubility coefficients?

    <p>CO2 has a higher diffusion coefficient due to its higher solubility coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation can oxygen become diffusion limited?

    <p>When there is a thickening of the alveolar-capillary membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are conditions of respiratory membrane impairment reflected as hypoxia instead of hypercapnia?

    <p>Because CO2 is more soluble than O2 in the alveolar–capillary membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test assesses lung function by having the patient walk a specific distance and measuring SpO2?

    <p>Six-Minute Walk Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does NOT limit O2 diffusion according to the text?

    <p>Decreased time available for exchange due to increased flow velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is CO2 normally not diffusion limited in its exchange compared to O2?

    <p>Because CO2 has a higher diffusion coefficient than O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transfer is limited by the rate of pulmonary blood flow?

    <p>Perfusion-limited transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas transfer type occurs when a gas does not equilibrate between alveoli and pulmonary capillary blood plasma?

    <p>Diffusion-limited transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor limits the amount of gas transfer in perfusion-limited transfer?

    <p>Rate of pulmonary blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For diffusion-limited transfer, what limits the amount of gas transferred across the alveolar-capillary unit?

    <p>Pressure gradient maintained by the gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gas transfer is limited by the ability of a gas to diffuse?

    <p>Diffusion-limited transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In perfusion-limited transfer, what determines the amount of gas transfer across the alveolar-capillary unit?

    <p>Rate of pulmonary blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a key role in determining if a gas transfer is perfusion-limited or diffusion-limited?

    <p>Diffusion coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

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