Differential Diagnosis of Peripheral Vestibular Disorders
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Questions and Answers

Which clinical sign is essential in differentiating between central and peripheral vestibular disorders?

  • Tinnitus
  • Dizziness
  • Nystagmus patterns (correct)
  • Hearing loss
  • What is the key advantage of the HINTS exam compared to imaging in patients presenting with acute vertigo?

  • The HINTS exam is less time-consuming
  • The HINTS exam is more specific for identifying acute stroke (correct)
  • The HINTS exam is more sensitive for identifying acute stroke
  • The HINTS exam is more cost-effective
  • In vestibular neuritis, which direction does the nystagmus beat towards?

  • Horizontally
  • Vertically
  • Towards the affected ear
  • Towards the unaffected ear (correct)
  • Which of the following is a key symptom of labyrinthitis?

    <p>Sudden onset of vertigo, nausea, and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pathology underlying acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma)?

    <p>Slow-growing tumors derived from Schwann cells of the vestibulocochlear nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pathology underlying a perilymphatic fistula?

    <p>An opening between the middle and inner ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is true?

    <p>Symptoms reoccur whenever moving in the plane of the involved semicircular canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathology underlying BPPV?

    <p>Otoconia become dislodged and enter the semicircular canals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a primary theory for the etiology of BPPV?

    <p>Vitamin D deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In BPPV, the dislodged otoconia can either:

    <p>Float freely in the semicircular canal (canalithiasis) or adhere to the cupula (cupulolithiasis).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about BPPV is false?

    <p>BPPV is more likely to occur in younger adults.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of BPPV?

    <p>Vertigo (spinning dizziness)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of vestibular neuritis?

    <p>Sudden onset of vertigo, nausea, and nystagmus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In vestibular neuritis, the direction of the nystagmus is typically:

    <p>With the fast phase away from the affected ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Meniere's disease?

    <p>Episodic bouts of vertigo, tinnitus, and ear pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathology underlying Meniere's disease?

    <p>Swelling in the inner ear causing increased pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a predisposing factor for vestibular disorders?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the later stages of Meniere's disease, what is observed between episodes?

    <p>Deficits may remain between episodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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