Difference in Discrimination Procedures (GINA GREEN)

Reinforcement of a specific behavior occurs in the presence of a discriminative stimulus (SD) while withholding reinforcement in the presence of a non-discriminative stimulus (S-Delta).
Defined by a constant three-term contingency: antecedent stimulus (S), response (R), consequence (C).
Stimuli become discriminative for reinforcement when defined responses occur consistently in their presence and not in others.
Stimulus control changes behavior based on the presentation of either the discriminative (SD) or non-discriminative stimuli (S-Delta).
An SD increases the probability of the target response, while an S-Delta decreases it.
Examples include oral naming and instruction following, where specific stimuli lead to reinforced responses.

Two main methods: Simple Successive Discrimination and Simple Simultaneous Discrimination.
Simple Successive: SDs and S-Deltas presented sequentially; teaches appropriate responses for each SD.
Simple Simultaneous: SD and multiple S-Deltas presented together; learner must respond to the SD.

Involves selecting from two or more comparison stimuli based on the presence of a "sample stimulus" that may change.
Requires a four-term contingency: conditional stimuli, antecedent stimuli, responses, and consequences.
Behavioral function of an antecedent stimulus changes based on additional stimuli presence, creating conditional relationships governed by "if-then" rules.
Training is often conducted using Matching to Sample (MTS) methods where a sample stimulus is presented, followed by comparison stimuli.

MTS begins with the presentation of a designated sample stimulus.
Learner must respond to the sample before an array of comparison stimuli is shown.
One comparison is designated as correct (SD) while others act as S-Deltas, not reinforced.
Variability across trials includes different sample stimuli and positions of the comparison stimuli to enhance learning.

Simple Discrimination:
- Isolation training can lead to lack of attention to relevant stimuli.
- Solution: Introduce distractor stimuli to ensure attention to relevant stimuli.
Conditional Discrimination:
- Stimulus and position preferences may influence responses.
- Conditional stimulus relations may create erroneous selection patterns.
- To reduce confounds: ensure varied sample presentation, randomize SD positioning, and use multiple comparisons in each trial.

Use alternate sample stimuli within sessions.
Ensure each sample is presented equally over trials.
Maintain consistent comparison stimuli within training sessions.
Require multiple comparisons during trials to foster discrimination.
Balance SD stimuli across various positions and opportunities in training sessions.
Implement observing responses to ensure engagement with the sample stimulus.