Difference Between RNA and DNA: Major Types of RNA

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Questions and Answers

Which type of RNA carries information that specifies a particular protein?

  • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
  • Non-coding RNA (ncRNA)
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) (correct)
  • Transfer RNA (tRNA)

What differentiates mRNA molecules called transcripts in differentiated cells?

  • Specific amino acid sequence (correct)
  • The presence of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
  • Cellular location within the cytoplasm
  • Length of the mRNA molecule

Which type of RNA provides structural support by associating with proteins to form ribosomes?

  • Non-coding RNA (ncRNA)
  • Transfer RNA (tRNA)
  • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (correct)
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA)

What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) during protein synthesis?

<p>Binding mRNA codon and specific amino acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RNA consists of two subunits that join during protein synthesis?

<p>Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic differentiates mRNA bases from other types of RNA?

<p>Formation of codons for amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base is classified as a purine?

<p>Guanine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In DNA, which carbon of the deoxyribose sugar is attached to the 3' carbon of the previous nucleotide?

<p>5' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond forms between deoxyribose sugars and phosphates in DNA?

<p>Phosphodiester bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base is classified as a pyrimidine?

<p>Thymine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the specific pairing of purines and pyrimidines in DNA?

<p>Complementarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two carbons in the deoxyribose sugar are considered most important in DNA structure?

<p>'3 and '5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pairing between Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) an example of?

<p>Base pairing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is responsible for forming frameworks that guide DNA strands?

<p>Scaffold proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of DNA is composed of histone proteins?

<p>30% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What brings together parts of the DNA sequence within the same long DNA sequence to form a 'loop-ome' structure?

<p>CTCF protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule acts as a bridge between genes and proteins?

<p>Ribonucleic acid (RNA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for DNA coiled around a histone protein in chromatin?

<p>Nucleosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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