Dietetics and Therapeutic Diets

Study Notes

Dietetics

Objectives of dietetics: suit the manifestations, meet dietary needs, compensate for deficiency, and restore tissue and reserve body resistance.

Difficulties with Therapeutic Diet

Unbalanced diet
Monotonous and non-appetizing food
Difficulty in preparation
High expense

Requirements of Dietetics

Follow rules of adequate balanced diet
Minimal modification
Alternative menus with same value
Supplementation and fortification to compensate for restriction
Nutrition education to patient and family about allowed food, preparation, and supplementation
Medical supervision to ensure good nutrition status
Diet sheet illustrates quantitative and qualitative aspects of diet required for treatment of diseases

Therapeutic Diet for Hypertension

DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) is a lifelong eating plan
Lower blood pressure through eating foods rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium
Reduce intake of sodium, salt, sweetened beverages, fats, red meat, and processed meats
DASH diet can lower blood pressure, reduce risks of CAD and stroke
DASH diet suggests daily servings of:
- Grains: 7-8
- Vegetables: 4-5
- Fruits: 4-5
- Low-fat or fat-free dairy products: 2-3
- Meat, poultry, and fish: 2 or less
- Nuts, seeds, and dry beans: 4-5 per week
- Fats and oils: 2-3
- Sweets: less than 5 per week

Therapeutic Diet for CAD

Dietetic risk factors for coronary artery diseases:
- Hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol > 200 mg/dL)
- High LDL level (> 130 mg/dL)
- Low HDL level (< 45 mg/dL)
- High VLDL level (> 250 mg/dL)
- Hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides > 150 mg/dL)
Strategies for planning meals for someone with heart disease:
- Serve more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes
- Use complex carbohydrates like brown rice and whole grain
- Use variety of protein-rich food from animal and plant sources
- Choose fat calories wisely

Description

This quiz covers the objectives and values of dietetics, difficulties with therapeutic diets, and the requirements of dietetics. It tests knowledge on diet prescription during illness, dietary needs, and meal preparation.