Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which diet would be most appropriate for a patient with renal disease and edema?
Which diet would be most appropriate for a patient with renal disease and edema?
In which condition would a high-calcium and high-phosphorus diet be desirable?
In which condition would a high-calcium and high-phosphorus diet be desirable?
When is a restricted-potassium diet typically prescribed?
When is a restricted-potassium diet typically prescribed?
Which diet would be most suitable for a patient with actue lead poisoning?
Which diet would be most suitable for a patient with actue lead poisoning?
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In the context of nutritional anemia, which diet would be recommended?
In the context of nutritional anemia, which diet would be recommended?
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For a patient with hypertension, which diet modification is typically prescribed?
For a patient with hypertension, which diet modification is typically prescribed?
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Why would a high-vitamin diet be recommended for a patient diagnosed with night blindness?
Why would a high-vitamin diet be recommended for a patient diagnosed with night blindness?
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Which condition would necessitate a high-iron diet?
Which condition would necessitate a high-iron diet?
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In what condition would a high-vitamin diet specifically containing vitamin K be beneficial?
In what condition would a high-vitamin diet specifically containing vitamin K be beneficial?
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Which diet modification would be most suitable for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver with ascites?
Which diet modification would be most suitable for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver with ascites?
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Study Notes
Dietetic Treatment
- Refers to diet therapy or diet in disease, involving modification or adaptation of the normal diet according to individual needs.
Causes of Dietetic Treatment
- To maintain or improve nutritional status
- To improve clinical or subclinical nutritional deficiencies
- To maintain, increase, or decrease body weight
- To rest certain organs or the whole body
- To eliminate certain food constituents to which the individual may be allergic
- To adjust the composition of the normal diet to meet the body's ability to adjust, metabolize, and excrete certain nutrients and other substances
The Diet Prescription
- Written in terms of energy requirements based on individual's weight and activity
- Requirements for protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins, and fiber
- Consideration for increased or decreased needs for each due to the patient's illness
From Basic to Therapeutic Diet
- Increase or decrease in energy value (kilocalories)
- Increase or decrease in fiber
- Increase or decrease in specific nutrients
- Increase or decrease in specific food or types of food (e.g., allergens, fried foods, or gas-forming foods)
- Modification to soft or liquid diet
Examples of Therapeutic Diets
- Modifications in consistency:
- Tube feeding for patients with esophageal obstruction or severe burns
- Restricted-residue diet for patients with gastritis, Crohn's disease, severe diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, or typhoid fever
- Modifications in carbohydrate, protein, and fat:
- Diabetic diet to minimize hyperglycemia and glucosuria and maintain ideal body weight
- Low-calorie diet for weight loss in individuals with cardiovascular and renal diseases, hypertension, gallbladder disease, gout, or hypothyroidism
- Restricted-fat diet for patients with liver, gallbladder, or pancreatic disease
- Fat-controlled, low-cholesterol diet for individuals with elevated blood cholesterol and atherosclerosis
- Modifications in protein:
- Restricted-protein diet for patients in hepatic coma or with chronic uremia, renal disease, or liver disease
- Gluten-free diet for individuals with celiac disease
- Restricted-purine diet to decrease blood uric acid level in gout
- High-protein diet to correct protein inadequacy from any source
- Modifications in carbohydrate:
- Lactose-free diet for patients with total or partial inability to metabolize milk sugar
- Dumping syndrome diet for patients who have had a gastrectomy or gastric bypass surgery
- Modifications in electrolytes and minerals:
- Restricted-sodium diet for patients with congestive heart failure, hypertension, renal disease with edema, cirrhosis of the liver with ascites, preeclampsia, and eclampsia
- Restricted-potassium diet when potassium is not being excreted properly from the body
- High-calcium and high-phosphorus diet for rickets, osteomalacia, tetany, dental caries, and acute lead poisoning
- High-iron diet for nutritional and hemorrhagic anemia
- High-vitamin diet for specific vitamin deficiencies, such as vitamin A for night blindness, vitamin D for rickets and osteomalacia, and vitamin K for liver and gallbladder disease
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Description
Explore the principles and process of diet therapy for treating diseases as discussed by Dr. Eman Shahin. Learn about modifying diets according to individual needs to maintain or improve nutritional status.
