Didactic Unit III: Dance and Expression
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary characteristic of classical ballet?

  • It emphasizes free-form movement.
  • It is based on medieval European folk dances. (correct)
  • It is primarily a theatre-based performance.
  • It includes improvisational elements.

What is a defining characteristic of avant-gardism in the arts?

  • Adhering strictly to classical forms
  • Focus on narrative storytelling
  • Emphasis on aesthetic beauty
  • Pursuit of innovation and experimentation (correct)

Which dance styles are mentioned as having codified movements?

  • Jazz dance and tap dance
  • Waltz and tango
  • Hip-hop and modern dance
  • Balinese dance and Indian classical dance (correct)

What genre does the ballet 'Swan Lake' belong to?

<p>Romantic ballet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which avant-garde artist is known for moving away from classical ballet to create more emotional dance?

<p>Martha Graham (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does improvisation play in avant-garde dance?

<p>It allows for spontaneous discovery of movements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Balinese dance and Indian classical dance express storytelling?

<p>Through each step and gesture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which historical period did classical ballet undergo significant evolution?

<p>19th century (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following movements is NOT considered part of the avant-garde?

<p>Romanticism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main feature of the movement scores in the mentioned orient expressive dances?

<p>They are highly stylized and codified. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do avant-garde artists generally convey their ideas in dance?

<p>By expressing deep emotions and abstract ideas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique did Merce Cunningham utilize in his avant-garde dance to challenge traditional forms?

<p>Coin tossing for sequence creation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of dance incorporates both historical significance and a closed code of elements?

<p>Classical ballet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the codification in dance typically involve?

<p>A set of defined positions and movements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major influence of avant-gardism in dance?

<p>Exploration of the body and movement in new ways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did avant-garde artists reject in their approach to dance?

<p>Rigidity of classical forms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary innovation of Commedia dell'Arte in the 16th century?

<p>It was the first professional theatrical form. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of Modern Mime as it emerged in the 20th century?

<p>It emphasizes the use of everyday gestures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which style is NOT associated with postmodern dance?

<p>Graham technique (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of contemporary dance expressed in the content?

<p>To innovate and explore new movement languages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is foundational to the contact-improvisation style of dance?

<p>Physical contact between dancers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what era did postmodern dance begin to emerge?

<p>Mid-20th century (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does white body paint in butoh symbolize for performers?

<p>Childlike purity and simplicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element differentiates postmodern dance from modern dance?

<p>Experimentation with everyday movement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is emphasized in Martha Graham's dance technique?

<p>The significance of the torso in expressing emotions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dancer is NOT associated with Modern Mime?

<p>Martha Graham (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Hijikata first view the use of white paint in butoh?

<p>As a necessity due to financial limitations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of butoh as described?

<p>Presence of dialogue to enhance understanding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key principle of classical ballet that contrasts with Graham's ideology?

<p>Visibility of effort during performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dance techniques are mentioned as codified practices alongside contemporary dance?

<p>Limón, Graham, and Cunningham techniques (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What emotional themes does Martha Graham's dance technique primarily convey?

<p>A range of feelings including hatred and ecstasy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Martha Graham's primary contributions to contemporary dance?

<p>Creating the technique of contraction and relaxation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of the Mannequin Challenge?

<p>Participants must stay completely still. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of video technique is used in the Mannequin Challenge?

<p>A continuous take that highlights each participant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which song became iconic as the accompaniment for the Mannequin Challenge?

<p>Black Beatles by Rae Sremmurd (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do new technologies influence dance according to the content?

<p>They improve performance and prevent injuries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the internet play in the context of artistic expression mentioned?

<p>It helps to bring the final product closer to the spectator. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the Mannequin Challenge contributes to its visual interest?

<p>Elaborate and varied poses by individuals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important benefit of using apps in dance and performance?

<p>They facilitate behind-the-scenes experiences and education. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which visual element is emphasized for increasing movement in dance performances?

<p>Light as a transformative tool (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one key characteristic of the viral Harlem Shake video format?

<p>It features a two-part structure with a solo dancer followed by group chaos. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the viral Harlem Shake differ from the original Harlem Shake dance?

<p>The viral version is unrelated to the original dance style. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What elements contribute to the chaotic nature of the viral Harlem Shake?

<p>Costumes, props, and exaggerated movements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of a viral Harlem Shake video?

<p>30 to 40 seconds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prominent feature of the Mannequin Challenge?

<p>Participants maintain complete stillness like mannequins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What creates the 'wild and carefree energy' in viral Harlem Shake videos?

<p>A mix of spontaneous and chaotic movements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using costumes and props in the viral Harlem Shake?

<p>To enhance the chaotic and humorous atmosphere. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the dance style of the original Harlem Shake?

<p>Coordinated shoulder movements popular in hip-hop culture. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Classical Ballet

A style of dance that developed from medieval European folk dances and uses a set of specific positions and movements.

Coded Dance Forms

Dance forms that use a pre-determined system of movements, gestures, and poses to tell a story.

Romantic Ballet

A 19th-century ballet style that emphasized romantic themes and storylines.

Balinese Dance

A type of coded dance form from Indonesia, known for its elegant gestures and elaborate costumes.

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Indian Classical Dance

One of the classical dance forms of India, characterized by rhythmic footwork, elaborate hand gestures, and storytelling through dance.

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Commedia dell'Arte

The first form of professional theater, born in Italy during the Renaissance. It relied heavily on improvisation and use of stock characters.

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Modern Mime

A modern dance technique that developed in the 20th Century, emphasizing nonverbal expression through movement. It often explores everyday actions and gestures and emphasizes improvisation.

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Postmodern Dance

A style of dance that emerged in the second half of the 20th century, challenging traditional forms and exploring new ways to express movement. It often focuses on improvisation, everyday gestures, and less formal structures.

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Contact Improvisation

A form of dance that prioritizes physical contact and improvisation between dancers. This includes exploring movement through rolling, weight shifting, and counterbalancing.

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Release technique

A type of improvisation technique used in postmodern dance. It emphasizes spontaneity, flow, and finding movement in unconventional ways.

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Everyday Gestures and Actions

A movement technique used in postmodern dance that draws inspiration from everyday actions like walking, running, and simple gestures.

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Flexibility in Expression

A characteristic of postmodern dance where the emphasis is on personal expression and exploring new ways to use the body as a tool for communication.

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Unconventional Movement Exploration

A movement technique in postmodern dance that emphasizes exploring unconventional and often unexpected ways of moving. This can be done through improvisation and using non-traditional dance elements.

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Viral Harlem Shake Structure

The viral Harlem Shake is a two-part video trend where one person dances alone, while others ignore them. When the music climaxes, everyone starts dancing chaotically in costumes.

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Harlem Shake Dance Style

The viral Harlem Shake doesn't have specific dance moves. It allows for spontaneous, messy dancing, making it fun and free.

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Harlem Shake Duration

Most Harlem Shake videos are short, usually between 30 and 40 seconds. This format makes them easy to share on social media, increasing their popularity.

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Harlem Shake Costumes and Props

Participants in the second part of the Harlem Shake video often wear costumes, masks, and use props. This adds surprise, humor, and visual appeal.

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Harlem Shake Atmosphere

The Harlem Shake celebrates unrestrained fun, with participants behaving in an eccentric and chaotic way. This lack of coordination contributes to its charm and carefree energy.

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What is the Mannequin Challenge?

The Mannequin Challenge is a viral trend where people freeze in place like mannequins while a camera moves through the scene. It creates the illusion of a frozen moment in time.

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Mannequin Challenge Goal

The goal of the Mannequin Challenge is to create a scene that looks like a photograph, capturing every detail. It's all about the art of stillness and the illusion of time stopping.

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Mannequin Challenge Popularity

The Mannequin Challenge became popular in 2016 and has since been widely imitated online, showing how easily a simple, creative idea can go viral.

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What is Butoh?

A Japanese avant-garde dance form characterized by slow, expressive movements, white paint, and often a sense of unease.

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What does the white color represent in Butoh?

The use of white paint or white clothing in Butoh is meant to symbolize purity and innocence, stripping away preconceptions about the dancer.

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Why is Butoh accessible to diverse audiences?

The absence of dialogue in Butoh makes it accessible to audiences worldwide, regardless of language.

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How does Butoh express emotions?

The use of movement to express raw and untouched emotions, often evoking a sense of uneasiness or discomfort in the audience.

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What is the Graham Technique?

A highly influential dance technique developed by Martha Graham that focuses on the expressive use of the torso and the visualization of pain and other emotions.

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What is the central element of the Graham Technique?

Graham's technique highlights the natural movements and sensations of the body, particularly the torso, as a fundamental source of human emotion.

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How does the Graham Technique differ from classical ballet?

In contrast to classical ballet's focus on hiding effort, Graham Technique emphasizes the visibility of effort and pain as integral parts of human experience.

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How does the Graham Technique express a range of emotions?

Through the contraction and relaxation of the torso, Graham's technique allows dancers to express a wide range of human emotions, from pain and hatred to ecstasy.

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What is avant-garde?

An artistic movement that challenged traditional norms and pursued innovation in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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How did avant-garde dance differ from traditional forms?

Avant-garde dance rejected strict classical techniques like ballet to explore a more natural, emotional, and expressive approach to movement.

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What is the main focus of expression in avant-garde dance?

Avant-garde dance focuses on expressing individual emotions, feelings, and philosophical ideas, often through abstract movements.

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How does improvisation play a role in avant-garde dance?

Improvisation and spontaneous discovery of movements are key elements of avant-garde dance, allowing for unrestricted expression.

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How did avant-garde dance embrace new ideas and technology?

Avant-garde artists often integrated other media, ideas, and technologies into their work, expanding the possibilities of dance.

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What is the lasting impact of avant-garde dance?

Avant-garde movement paved the way for new dance forms, emphasizing expression and exploration over traditional constraints.

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Who are some prominent avant-garde dance artists?

Examples include Isadora Duncan, Martha Graham, Merce Cunningham, and many contemporary dance artists.

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What are the key characteristics of avant-garde dance?

It embraces breaking with traditional structures, focusing on subjective expression, and utilizing experimentation and improvisation as key components.

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What makes the Mannequin Challenge unique?

The most important aspect of the Mannequin Challenge is that everyone remains motionless and expressionless as if they were mannequins.

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How are Mannequin Challenge videos filmed?

The Mannequin Challenge is filmed in a single continuous shot to create the impression of a frozen scene that comes to life with the camera's movement.

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Where can the Mannequin Challenge take place?

Participants can choose any setting for their Mannequin Challenge video, from offices and gymnasiums to classrooms and even outdoors.

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What music is commonly used for Mannequin Challenge videos?

While not essential, Rae Sremmurd's song "Black Beatles" is widely used in Mannequin Challenge videos and has become closely associated with the trend.

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What is the typical group size of Mannequin Challenge participants?

Mannequin Challenge videos often feature large groups of participants, each striking a pose like a mannequin, creating a diverse and complex scene.

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How is technology related to art?

Technological advancements often enable new forms of artistic expression, pushing the boundaries of what is possible.

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What is biomechanics in dance?

Biomechanics is the study of human movement, and its application in dance can improve performance and prevent injuries.

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Study Notes

Didactic Unit III

  • This unit covers dance styles and expressive manifestations.
  • The presenter is Beatriz Garrido López, a Bachelor's Degree holder in Physical Activity and Sport Science.

Introduction to Dance and Other Expressive Manifestations

  • Dance and expressive manifestations rely heavily on non-verbal communication, rather than words.
  • Key non-verbal components include body language, gestures, costumes, scenery, and temporal/spatial elements.
  • A related non-verbal code is paraverbal communication — tone, volume, and rhythm in speech.
  • These elements are notably prominent in children's performances.

Classification

  • Body language has two perspectives for study
  • The first perspective is related to daily observations
  • The second perspective is related to the artistic use of the body in a performance setting (intentional)
  • Corporeal expressive techniques are categorized based on coded or non-coded style.

Coded

  • Traditional expressions are characterized by predefined codes and representation
  • Modern jazz emerged as a style combining classical to modern aspects and jazz dance codes
  • Classical ballet, evolving from medieval dances, is a codified style with specific positions and movements.
  • Codify methods of performance include Balinese dance and Indian classical dance, emphasizing storytelling through movements and gestures.

Coded (Theatre)

  • Theatre embodies codified European manifestations, such as Commedia dell'Arte and Modern Mime.
  • Commedia dell'Arte emerged in Italy during the Renaissance as the first professional theatrical form.
  • Modern Mime served as the basis for the development of modern theatrical expression in the 20th century.

Non-Coded

  • Contemporary dance tends toward greater freedom of movement, incorporating everyday gestures and actions like walking or running
  • Postmodern dance, which emerged in the latter half of the 20th century, breaks with tradition, emphasizing new movement styles and experimenting with different movement techniques (e.g., contact-improvisation, release).
  • The Release Technique centers on joint freedom and explores body awareness for efficient movement and minimal effort while emphasizing suspension, movement, and breathing.
  • Butoh, developed after World War ll in Japan expresses a form of 'dance of darkness' — characterized by struggle, taboo and dark themes; often unclassifiable — utilizing techniques like slow movement, white body paint, shaved heads and/or white clothing, and background music that creates a profound emotional impact.

Avant-garde Movements

  • Avant-gardism emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, focusing on innovation, breaking norms, and experimentation.
  • Avant-garde artists challenged conventional artistic structures (ballet), explored new movement techniques, and expanded upon the roles of the artists and the spectators.
  • The body in avant-garde dance is explored as a dynamic medium of expression.

Happenings and Performances

  • Happenings break down barriers between art and everyday life, emphasizing experience over contemplation
  • Happenings prioritize ephemeral, non-commercial works and interaction with spectators in unconventional settings,
  • Performances feature a premeditated structure with a clear concept and a focus on the performer as central to the action and the message
  • Performances tend to occur in conventional/artistic settings like theaters and galleries where spectators act as passive observers, and not actively involved participants.

Social Phenomena

  • New social phenomena like flashmobs, LipDubs, and the Harlem Shake have emerged via multimedia and interaction between technology and dance.
  • Cinema is a recognized genre that also often uses dance as part of its narrative
  • These phenomena are notable for their engagement and collective creation, but some are also viewed as ephemeral, non-commercial, and unique works that utilize diverse locations.

Mannequin Challenge

  • The Mannequin Challenge is a viral video phenomenon, popular in 2016, utilizing a single take of a group of people remaining completely still, mimicking a frozen or paused image, while the camera moves through the scene,
  • The challenge usually involves participants in iconic poses against a particular backdrop or specific environments.

Art and Technology

  • Technology and art are intertwined and collaborative, sometimes facilitated by particular technological advances, creating particular work or encouraging the expression of new limitations.
  • Audiovisual language, using technology, creates new resources and challenges with constant change.

Other Visual Effects

  • A variety of visual effects, including but not limited to 3D projection, videomapping, and architectural mapping, are used to enhance and transform performance space.
  • Interactive mapping engages the public in the performance or narrative while choreographic mapping creates synchronization of dance moves with various aspects of a performance.

Internet/Apps

  • Internet technologies contribute by bringing the performance closer to the audience, enhancing interaction possibilities in a collective/collaborative manner, modifying ways of creating, producing, and consuming, and making use of educational resources
  • Apps and other technologies are employed to enhance the pre-show experience, and engagement during the show.

Virtual Reality

  • Virtual reality allows for user immersion and interaction within a simulated environment, with the goal is to reproduce or enhance a physical experience within an artificial setting.

Other Considerations

  • Biomechanics in dance investigates the impact of studying and researching human movement, including improvement of performance and injury prevention, leading to new techniques.

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Didactic Unit III PDF

Description

Explore the various dance styles and expressive manifestations outlined in Didactic Unit III. This unit delves into the non-verbal communication aspects of dance and its importance in children's performances. Learn about body language, gestures, and other components that contribute to the art of dance.

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