Lecture 3 Part 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of diaper dermatitis?

  • Allergic reaction
  • Irritation from urine (correct)
  • Fungal infection
  • Bacterial infection

    • Which condition is characterized by the presence of satellite pustules?

  • Seborrheic dermatitis
  • Candidiasis (correct)
  • Irritant contact dermatitis
  • Histiocytosis

    • In which form of dermatitis is the skin often spared in the folds?

  • Candidiasis
  • Irritant contact dermatitis (correct)
  • Seborrheic dermatitis
  • Psoriasis

    • Which dermatitis is notably associated with cradle cap?

    <p>Seborrheic dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can indicate isolated seborrheic diaper dermatitis?

    <p>Absence of satellite pustules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a rare cause of diaper dermatitis that may present with petechiae?

    <p>Histiocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dermatitis rarely requires a biopsy?

    <p>Diaper dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Psoriasis is characterized by which distinctive finding that may occur in diaper dermatitis?

    <p>Silvery scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a biopsy in difficult cases of skin conditions?

    <p>To differentiate between irritants, candidiasis, and seborrheic dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which barrier is NOT mentioned as effective for treating diaper rash?

    <p>Talc powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical age of onset for atopic dermatitis in children?

    <p>Before the age of 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a family history in the context of atopic dermatitis?

    <p>It suggests a higher likelihood of developing associated disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best differentiates atopic dermatitis from other conditions referred to as eczema?

    <p>Eczema is a broad term that includes itchy, red, and flaky rashes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mixture is often used when anti-candida agents are combined with anti-inflammatory agents?

    <p>A 1:1 mixture of hydrocortisone and nystatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the distribution of atopic dermatitis lesions thought to change as children age?

    <p>It tends to spread to additional body areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein mutation is associated with atopic dermatitis according to recent data?

    <p>Filaggrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do filaggrins play in epithelial cells?

    <p>They bind to keratin fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant cytokine profile in acute lesions of atopic dermatitis?

    <p>Th-2 dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does elevated IgE levels in patients often correlate with atopic dermatitis?

    <p>It suggests systemic immune dysregulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily responsible for exacerbating atopic dermatitis in many patients?

    <p>Presence of Staphylococcal colonization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential in the treatment of atopic dermatitis?

    <p>Aggressive moisturization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of moisturizers are recommended for repairing the skin barrier in atopic dermatitis treatment?

    <p>Ceramide-based moisturizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should topical steroids for atopic dermatitis ideally be used?

    <p>Intermittently as required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of T-lymphocyte inhibitors over steroids?

    <p>Less long-term side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dietary allergens are commonly associated with exacerbating atopic dermatitis in children?

    <p>Egg, milk, peanut, soy, and wheat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical presentation of neonatal acne?

    <p>Inflammatory papules and pustules on the face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two factors are thought to contribute to the etiology of infantile acne?

    <p>Androgenic hormonal milieu and Pityrosporum overgrowth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment options have been reported effective for infantile acne?

    <p>Ketoconazole cream and benzoyl peroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by erythema and thick, yellowish, greasy scales on the scalp of infants?

    <p>Seborrheic dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is generally understood about the long-term risk of adolescents developing severe acne who had infantile acne?

    <p>There is no evidence linking infantile acne to later severe acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diaper Dermatitis

    • Diaper dermatitis is common in children of diaper-wearing age.
    • It encompasses several potentially co-occurring skin conditions (diseases).
    • Irritation (e.g., urine, stool) is a common cause.
    • Irritant contact dermatitis: Skin becomes more sensitive to irritation, particularly spared in skin folds.
    • Candidiasis (yeast infection): Commonly coexists; characterized by pustules (satellite pustules).
    • Seborrheic dermatitis: Involves skin folds, without satellite pustules. Often associated with cradle cap.
    • Psoriasis: Rarely causes diaper dermatitis; silvery scale is sometimes observed.
    • Histiocytosis: Very rare cause, presenting with severe rash, often petechiae.
    • Atopic dermatitis: Typically spares the diaper area.

    Diagnosis and Management

    • Biopsy is rarely needed unless histiocytosis is suspected.
    • Investigations might include a swab culture to test for Candida.
    • Frequent diaper changes to minimize moisture.
    • Barrier pastes (e.g., zinc oxide) block irritants.

    Early Atopic Dermatitis

    • Prevalence is increasing.
    • Strong familial component, with atopic triad (dermatitis, asthma, and allergies).
    • "Eczema" is often used interchangeably, but includes other conditions (dry skin, contact dermatitis).
    • Most involve face and extremities.
    • Characterized by bright red, scaly, and weeping lesions.
    • Possible genetic mutation in filaggrin (protein in epithelial cells maintaining skin barrier).
    • Th-2 phenotype in acute; Th-1 in chronic lesions.
    • Increased IgE and eosinophilia.
    • Hygiene hypothesis: Lower exposure to infectious agents, lower prevalence of AD.

    Infantile Acne

    • Occurs in up to 50% of infants.
    • Presents as inflammatory papules (pustules).
    • Can persist up to a year.
    • Possibly related to androgenic hormones from mother, and/or, Pityrosporum overgrowth.

    Cradle Cap

    • Common in infants.
    • Erythematous, thick, yellowish, greasy scales on the scalp, potentially extending to the forehead and neck.
    • Relates to overgrowth of Pityrosporum yeast and subsequent inflammation.

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    Related Documents

    Infantile Dermatology Lecture 3 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the key aspects of diaper dermatitis in children, including its common causes, associated skin conditions, and management strategies. You'll learn about irritant contact dermatitis, yeast infections, and other skin conditions that may coincide with diaper rashes. Explore effective diagnosis and treatment options to help manage this common pediatric issue.

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