Diagnostic Markers of Inflammation in Veterinary Medicine Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which protein is responsible for transporting iron in the blood?

  • Caeruloplasmin
  • Haptoglobulin
  • Thyroid hormone binding globulin
  • Transferrin (correct)

Which condition results from a low level of albumin, causing reduced oncotic pressure and leading to oedema?

  • Chronic liver disease
  • Chronic renal disease
  • Hypoalbuminaemia (correct)
  • Malnutrition

In serum protein electrophoresis (SPE), what is used to detect cell damage based on enzyme measurements?

  • Caeruloplasmin
  • Haptoglobulin (correct)
  • Thyroid hormone binding globulin
  • Transferrin

What is responsible for regulating the biological activity of albumin to a degree due to competition for binding sites?

<p>Albumin bound molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE)?

<p>To assess individual proteins semi-quantitatively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is NOT included in the main bands of a typical serum electrophoretic pattern?

<p>Immunoglobulin E (IgE) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with a decrease in albumin levels according to the information provided?

<p>Prolonged malnutrition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of acute phase proteins in response to inflammation?

<p>They increase in response to inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune response is indicated by an overall increase in the broad g band in serum protein electrophoresis?

<p>Polyclonal immune response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential limitation of serum protein electrophoresis related to some acute phase proteins?

<p>Proteins produced in quantities too low to detect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a sharp, distinct increase in one area of the g band in serum electrophoretic pattern indicate?

<p>Multiple myeloma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In serum electrophoretic pattern analysis, what is indicative of immune deficiency or immune suppression conditions?

<p>Decreased gamma-globulins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be used as diagnostic tools for identifying non-specific markers of inflammation in plasma proteins?

<p>Serum protein electrophoresis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPE), what is a potential consequence of the limitations related to some acute phase proteins?

<p>Missed changes in band density (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can an overall increase in the broad g band indicate in Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPE)?

<p>Chronic infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause an increased enzyme activity in serum according to the text provided?

<p>Cell proliferation or damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of acute phase proteins in the innate immune response?

<p>Increasing in response to inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a sharp, distinct increase in one area of the g band in Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPE)?

<p>Multiple myeloma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of albumin in serum protein electrophoresis?

<p>Increases in dehydration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor leads to an increase in beta-globulins in serum electrophoretic patterns?

<p>Chronic liver disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the g band in serum electrophoretic patterns?

<p>Increases in acute inflammatory diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are acute phase proteins crucial in the context of inflammation?

<p>Increasing in response to inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the concentration of proteins in plasma?

<p>Rate of breakdown and loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the concentration of proteins in plasma?

<p>Plasma color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of serum protein electrophoresis?

<p>To analyze the distribution of proteins in the blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is responsible for transporting copper in the blood?

<p>Caeruloplasmin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are substances transported in the blood for diagnostic tools usage?

<p>By interacting with various transport proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of albumin in plasma proteins?

<p>Regulating oncotic pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about oncotic pressure is most accurate based on the text?

<p>Oncotic pressure occurs due to all molecules dissolved in blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique characteristic of albumin among plasma proteins?

<p>Negatively charged at acidic pH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do acute phase proteins differ from albumin in terms of response to inflammation?

<p>Acute phase proteins increase in response to inflammation, unlike albumin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In serum protein electrophoresis, what pattern would be expected if there is a drastic decrease in albumin levels?

<p>A decrease in the intensity of the a1 band (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the liquid component of blood when blood is allowed to clot?

<p>Plasma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component makes up approximately 55% of blood volume?

<p>Cell-free plasma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species listed in the text has the highest approximate blood volume?

<p>Sheep (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT found in the composition of whole blood?

<p>Serum enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Erythrocytes make up in terms of blood volume approximately?

<p>45% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of albumin in the blood?

<p>Maintaining oncotic pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is NOT involved in transporting substances in the blood according to the text?

<p>Hemoglobin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can hypoalbuminemia lead to?

<p>Reduced oncotic pressure and oedema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are responsible for the breakdown and loss of plasma proteins?

<p>Cells of the immune system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the concentration of proteins in the plasma?

<p>Blood volume and hydration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of albumin among plasma proteins?

<p>Binding various ligands like fatty acids, hormones, and drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is oncotic pressure primarily regulated in the blood vessels?

<p>By proteins dissolved in the blood exerting an osmotic effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature distinguishes albumin from other plasma proteins?

<p>It is negatively charged at physiological pH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of immunoglobulins in the context of blood composition?

<p>Enhancing the body's immune response through antibody production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plasma proteins contribute to immunity?

<p>By containing immunoglobulins and complement proteins for defense (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can a sharp, distinct increase in one area of the g band in Serum Protein Electrophoresis indicate?

<p>Multiple myeloma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by an overall increase in the broad g band in Serum Protein Electrophoresis?

<p>Chronic infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a decrease in gamma-globulins in Serum Protein Electrophoresis indicate?

<p>Immune deficiency conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can an increased concentration of cellular enzymes in serum indicate?

<p>Cell death or trauma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Serum Protein Electrophoresis, what could a 30% change in albumin levels potentially indicate?

<p>Cell death or trauma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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