Diagnostic Criteria for Heart Failure
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes cardiac failure?

  • A condition in which the heart is structurally or functionally impaired
  • A condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs (correct)
  • A condition in which the heart is unable to maintain normal heart rate
  • A condition in which the heart is unable to maintain normal blood pressure

What is another term commonly used to refer to congestive heart failure?

  • Coronary artery disease
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Cardiac arrest (correct)
  • Atherosclerosis

What is the prevalence of heart failure in individuals aged 35-64 years?

  • 10%
  • 50%
  • 2-4% (correct)
  • 35-64%

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of systolic heart failure?

<p>Idiopathic cardiomyopathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of diastolic heart failure?

<p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of right heart failure?

<p>LV failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a cause of acute heart failure?

<p>Arrhythmia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major criterion for diagnosing heart failure?

<p>Tachycardia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory finding may indicate decreased renal blood flow in heart failure?

<p>Abnormal electrolyte levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging technique can assess the function of both ventricles in heart failure?

<p>Echocardiogram (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretic is the most effective for symptomatic relief in heart failure?

<p>Furosemide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cardiac manifestation of digitalis toxicity?

<p>Atrial tachycardia with A/V Block (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the mainstay of treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF)?

<p>Beta blockers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum benefit achieved by using vasodilators in the treatment of heart failure?

<p>Reduction of afterload by arteriolar vasodilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with heart failure?

<p>Ventricular tachyarrhythmia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common term used to refer to cardiac failure?

<p>Congestive heart failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of cardiac failure in individuals aged over 65 years?

<p>10% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of deaths occur within 5 years of cardiac failure diagnosis?

<p>50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of systolic heart failure?

<p>Idiopathic cardiomyopathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of diastolic heart failure?

<p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of right heart failure?

<p>LV failure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of heart failure?

<p>Increased Jugular Venous Pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major criterion for diagnosing heart failure?

<p>Pulmonary rales (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laboratory findings may indicate decreased renal blood flow in heart failure?

<p>Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of diuretic therapy in heart failure?

<p>Hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following imaging techniques can assess the function of both ventricles in heart failure?

<p>Echocardiogram (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cardiac manifestation of digitalis toxicity?

<p>Development of junctional rhythm in patients with a fib (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the only contraindication for beta blockers in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

<p>Decompensated CHF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a positive inotropic agent?

<p>Atenolol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reversible cause of heart failure?

<p>Ventricular tachyarrhythmia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major symptom of cardiac failure?

<p>Weight gain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of cardiac failure in individuals aged 35-64 years?

<p>2-4% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of heart failure?

<p>Increased metabolic needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major criterion for diagnosing heart failure?

<p>B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laboratory findings may indicate decreased renal blood flow in heart failure?

<p>Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following imaging techniques is indicated when coronary artery disease (CAD) or valvular heart disease is suspected?

<p>Cardiac catheterization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?

<p>Angioedema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of systolic heart failure?

<p>Valvular heart disease (stenosis or regurgitant lesions) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of diastolic heart failure?

<p>Valvular heart disease (aortic stenosis) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of right heart failure?

<p>LV failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of heart failure?

<p>Leg swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cardiac manifestation of digitalis toxicity?

<p>Atrial tachycardia with A/V Block (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the mainstay of treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF)?

<p>Correction of reversible causes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with heart failure?

<p>Ventricular tachyarrhythmia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the only contraindication for beta blockers in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

<p>Decompensated CHF (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common term used to refer to cardiac failure?

<p>Congestive heart failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of heart failure in individuals aged over 65 years?

<p>10% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mainstay of treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF)?

<p>Diuretics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cardiac manifestation of digitalis toxicity?

<p>Sinus bradycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for beta blockers in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

<p>Decompensated CHF (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a positive inotropic agent?

<p>Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the survival rate at 5 years for cardiac transplant patients?

<p>70% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an underlying cause of right heart failure?

<p>LV failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a cause of acute heart failure?

<p>Arrhythmia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with heart failure?

<p>Coronary artery disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mainstay of treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF)?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major criterion for diagnosing heart failure?

<p>Pulmonary rales (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laboratory findings may indicate decreased renal blood flow in heart failure?

<p>Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following imaging techniques is indicated when coronary artery disease (CAD) or valvular heart disease is suspected?

<p>Echocardiogram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a side effect of diuretic therapy in heart failure?

<p>Pre-renal azotemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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