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Diagnostic Classification Systems in Mental Health
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Diagnostic Classification Systems in Mental Health

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a key feature of the biopsychosocial model of diagnosis?

  • Focus on genetic risk factors only
  • Multi-axial diagnosis considering different levels (correct)
  • Diagnosis based solely on biological factors
  • Single diagnosis for complex conditions

    • What is one of the significant advancements of DSM-5 compared to DSM-IV-TR?

  • Proactive harmonization with ICD-11 (correct)
  • Emphasis solely on environmental factors
  • Reduction in categories of disorders
  • Complete removal of mood disorders

    • How does DSM-5 categorize eating disorders?

  • As mood disorders
  • Within substance-related disorders
  • Under anxiety disorders
  • In its own distinct category (correct)

    • Which disorder is included in both DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 under the category of anxiety disorders?

    <p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a category proposed in the DSM-5?

    <p>Behavioral Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following indicators is used for new groupings in DSM-5?

    <p>Family traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does DSM-5 treat the concept of significant distress or impairment?

    <p>It must be clinically significant as part of the criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which category are mood disorders classified in DSM-5?

    <p>Bipolar and Related Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'high comorbidity' indicate in the context of DSM-5?

    <p>The presence of multiple disorders occurring simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of disorders does DSM-5 include under eating disorders?

    <p>Feeding and Eating Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the DSM?

    <p>To improve communication about mental health patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines 'taxonomy'?

    <p>The classification of living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the statement 'Classification and diagnostic system is used to define mental disorders, not to explain them' imply?

    <p>Classification focuses solely on labeling conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a mental disorder often defined according to the content?

    <p>Through statistical deviation from the average</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Karl Jaspers emphasize for psychiatrists in determining an illness?

    <p>The patient's attitude and experience of being sick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a criterion used for defining mental disorders as discussed in the content?

    <p>Ability to function in society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, why is the concept of mental illness difficult to define?

    <p>There is no consistent operational definition applicable in all cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes 'defining' a mental disorder from 'explaining' one?

    <p>Explaining requires understanding underlying causes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant advancement was introduced in the DSM-III?

    <p>Atheoretical formulation and operationalized definitions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification system primarily addresses global health concerns?

    <p>ICD-11</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common method is often used to assess if someone has a mental disorder?

    <p>Empirical statistical methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does DSM-IV avoid when classifying mental disorders?

    <p>Untenable distinctions between brain and mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DSM edition was introduced in 1980?

    <p>DSM-III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following years saw the publication of the DSM-IV?

    <p>1994</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of the DSM-II compared to its successors?

    <p>A less structured approach to classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the content suggest about the relationship between the definitions of mental disorders and their diagnostic application?

    <p>Definitions often lead to confusion among practitioners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is authorized to determine if a person suffers from a mental disorder?

    <p>A professionally trained psychiatrist or psychologist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a primary diagnosis indicate?

    <p>The mental condition that leads to the current consultation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'sick role' imply regarding an individual diagnosed with a mental disorder?

    <p>The individual is entitled to certain rights and responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of stigmatization in the context of mental health?

    <p>Disapproval based on socially deviated characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a differential diagnosis involve?

    <p>Hypothetical deduction of various mental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a provisional diagnosis based on?

    <p>Partial matching with diagnostic criteria and requiring further verification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential aim of occupational therapy (OT) referral?

    <p>To help the patient manage their condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information is considered when determining a diagnosis?

    <p>History of present illness and signs and symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diagnostic Classification Systems in Mental Health

    • Taxonomy is the science of classification; in biology, it involves describing, identifying, naming, and classifying organisms.

    • The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) are used to define, not explain, mental disorders.

    ICD and DSM Purpose

    • ICD aims to provide a globally-applicable classification of diseases and related health problems.

    • DSM initially aimed to improve communication about patients in US mental hospitals and was used in the US census to record "idiocy/insanity".

    Defining Mental Disorders

    • Defining mental disorders involves considering statistical deviation from the average, patient's subjective experience, and cultural norms.

    • There's no single definition encompassing all situations.

    DSM Evolution

    • The DSM has undergone several revisions (I, II, II-R, III, III-R, IV, IV-TR, 5), reflecting evolving understanding and approaches.

    • DSM-III introduced an atheoretical, operationalized definition, allowing for agreement across different theoretical perspectives.

    • DSM-IV emphasized social and occupational function, avoiding untenable distinctions between brain and mind.

    • DSM-5 aims for harmonization with ICD-11 and proposes a new categorical organization based on eleven indicators, including shared neural substrates, family traits, genetic risk factors, and treatment response.

    DSM-IV-TR vs. DSM-5 Categorizations

    • DSM-IV-TR organized disorders based on categories like those typically diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence; delirium, dementia, and cognitive disorders; substance-related disorders; mood disorders etc.

    • DSM-5 reorganized categories into Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders, Bipolar and Related Disorders, Depressive Disorders etc.

    Severe Mental Illness (SMI) and Common Mental Disorders (CMD)

    • RSS2006 covered SMI and CMD categories, spanning neurodevelopmental disorders to personality and medication-induced disorders.

    Applying DSM/ICD in Occupational Therapy (OT)

    • Only trained psychiatrists and some psychologists can diagnose mental disorders.

    • Three diagnosis types are primary, provisional, and differential.

    • Applying DSM/ICD may lead to labeling effects (influencing self-identity and behavior), stigmatization, and the adoption of the "sick role" (with associated rights and responsibilities).

    • OT treatment focuses on functional improvement addressing areas not directly defined by diagnostic categories. Utilizing models like PEOP and MOHO and ICF is key.

    Suggested Thinking Process for Applying Diagnostic Information in OT

    • The diagnostic process includes reviewing history of present illness, signs and symptoms, and patient and significant other reports.

    • Crucial for OT is determining whether referral aims fall within the OT domain of concern and if OT intervention can make a difference.

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    Related Documents

    Applying Diagnostic classification system in mental health.pdf

    Description

    Explore the crucial classification systems used in mental health, including the ICD and DSM. This quiz covers their purposes, evolution, and the complexities of defining mental disorders. Test your understanding of how these systems shape mental health practices today.

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