Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a key feature of the biopsychosocial model of diagnosis?
Which of the following is a key feature of the biopsychosocial model of diagnosis?
What is one of the significant advancements of DSM-5 compared to DSM-IV-TR?
What is one of the significant advancements of DSM-5 compared to DSM-IV-TR?
How does DSM-5 categorize eating disorders?
How does DSM-5 categorize eating disorders?
Which disorder is included in both DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 under the category of anxiety disorders?
Which disorder is included in both DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 under the category of anxiety disorders?
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Which of the following is NOT a category proposed in the DSM-5?
Which of the following is NOT a category proposed in the DSM-5?
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Which of the following indicators is used for new groupings in DSM-5?
Which of the following indicators is used for new groupings in DSM-5?
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How does DSM-5 treat the concept of significant distress or impairment?
How does DSM-5 treat the concept of significant distress or impairment?
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In which category are mood disorders classified in DSM-5?
In which category are mood disorders classified in DSM-5?
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What does the term 'high comorbidity' indicate in the context of DSM-5?
What does the term 'high comorbidity' indicate in the context of DSM-5?
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What type of disorders does DSM-5 include under eating disorders?
What type of disorders does DSM-5 include under eating disorders?
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What is the primary purpose of the DSM?
What is the primary purpose of the DSM?
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Which of the following best defines 'taxonomy'?
Which of the following best defines 'taxonomy'?
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What does the statement 'Classification and diagnostic system is used to define mental disorders, not to explain them' imply?
What does the statement 'Classification and diagnostic system is used to define mental disorders, not to explain them' imply?
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How is a mental disorder often defined according to the content?
How is a mental disorder often defined according to the content?
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What does Karl Jaspers emphasize for psychiatrists in determining an illness?
What does Karl Jaspers emphasize for psychiatrists in determining an illness?
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Which of the following is NOT a criterion used for defining mental disorders as discussed in the content?
Which of the following is NOT a criterion used for defining mental disorders as discussed in the content?
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According to the content, why is the concept of mental illness difficult to define?
According to the content, why is the concept of mental illness difficult to define?
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What distinguishes 'defining' a mental disorder from 'explaining' one?
What distinguishes 'defining' a mental disorder from 'explaining' one?
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What significant advancement was introduced in the DSM-III?
What significant advancement was introduced in the DSM-III?
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Which classification system primarily addresses global health concerns?
Which classification system primarily addresses global health concerns?
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What common method is often used to assess if someone has a mental disorder?
What common method is often used to assess if someone has a mental disorder?
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What does DSM-IV avoid when classifying mental disorders?
What does DSM-IV avoid when classifying mental disorders?
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Which DSM edition was introduced in 1980?
Which DSM edition was introduced in 1980?
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Which of the following years saw the publication of the DSM-IV?
Which of the following years saw the publication of the DSM-IV?
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What is a notable characteristic of the DSM-II compared to its successors?
What is a notable characteristic of the DSM-II compared to its successors?
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What does the content suggest about the relationship between the definitions of mental disorders and their diagnostic application?
What does the content suggest about the relationship between the definitions of mental disorders and their diagnostic application?
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Who is authorized to determine if a person suffers from a mental disorder?
Who is authorized to determine if a person suffers from a mental disorder?
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What does a primary diagnosis indicate?
What does a primary diagnosis indicate?
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What does the 'sick role' imply regarding an individual diagnosed with a mental disorder?
What does the 'sick role' imply regarding an individual diagnosed with a mental disorder?
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What is the definition of stigmatization in the context of mental health?
What is the definition of stigmatization in the context of mental health?
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What does a differential diagnosis involve?
What does a differential diagnosis involve?
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What is a provisional diagnosis based on?
What is a provisional diagnosis based on?
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Which of the following is a potential aim of occupational therapy (OT) referral?
Which of the following is a potential aim of occupational therapy (OT) referral?
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What type of information is considered when determining a diagnosis?
What type of information is considered when determining a diagnosis?
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Study Notes
Diagnostic Classification Systems in Mental Health
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Taxonomy is the science of classification; in biology, it involves describing, identifying, naming, and classifying organisms.
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The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) are used to define, not explain, mental disorders.
ICD and DSM Purpose
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ICD aims to provide a globally-applicable classification of diseases and related health problems.
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DSM initially aimed to improve communication about patients in US mental hospitals and was used in the US census to record "idiocy/insanity".
Defining Mental Disorders
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Defining mental disorders involves considering statistical deviation from the average, patient's subjective experience, and cultural norms.
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There's no single definition encompassing all situations.
DSM Evolution
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The DSM has undergone several revisions (I, II, II-R, III, III-R, IV, IV-TR, 5), reflecting evolving understanding and approaches.
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DSM-III introduced an atheoretical, operationalized definition, allowing for agreement across different theoretical perspectives.
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DSM-IV emphasized social and occupational function, avoiding untenable distinctions between brain and mind.
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DSM-5 aims for harmonization with ICD-11 and proposes a new categorical organization based on eleven indicators, including shared neural substrates, family traits, genetic risk factors, and treatment response.
DSM-IV-TR vs. DSM-5 Categorizations
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DSM-IV-TR organized disorders based on categories like those typically diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence; delirium, dementia, and cognitive disorders; substance-related disorders; mood disorders etc.
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DSM-5 reorganized categories into Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders, Bipolar and Related Disorders, Depressive Disorders etc.
Severe Mental Illness (SMI) and Common Mental Disorders (CMD)
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Applying DSM/ICD in Occupational Therapy (OT)
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Only trained psychiatrists and some psychologists can diagnose mental disorders.
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Three diagnosis types are primary, provisional, and differential.
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Applying DSM/ICD may lead to labeling effects (influencing self-identity and behavior), stigmatization, and the adoption of the "sick role" (with associated rights and responsibilities).
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OT treatment focuses on functional improvement addressing areas not directly defined by diagnostic categories. Utilizing models like PEOP and MOHO and ICF is key.
Suggested Thinking Process for Applying Diagnostic Information in OT
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The diagnostic process includes reviewing history of present illness, signs and symptoms, and patient and significant other reports.
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Crucial for OT is determining whether referral aims fall within the OT domain of concern and if OT intervention can make a difference.
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Description
Explore the crucial classification systems used in mental health, including the ICD and DSM. This quiz covers their purposes, evolution, and the complexities of defining mental disorders. Test your understanding of how these systems shape mental health practices today.
