Diabetic Neuropathy and Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetes
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Questions and Answers

Which condition in diabetic patients contributes to visual impairment?

  • Diabetic nephropathy
  • Diabetic neuropathy
  • Glaucoma (correct)
  • Tuberculosis
  • What is the common pattern of polyneuropathy seen in diabetic patients affecting both motor and sensory function?

  • Cranial nerve mononeuropathy
  • Distal asymmetric polyneuropathy
  • Proximal symmetric polyneuropathy
  • Distal symmetric polyneuropathy (correct)
  • What may be the first event in a long series of complications ultimately leading to death in an individual with diabetic neuropathy?

  • Tuberculosis
  • Bacteremia
  • Pneumonia
  • Gangrene (correct)
  • Which of the following is commonly affected in diabetic patients by autonomic neuropathy?

    <p>Bladder function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to enhanced susceptibility to infections in diabetic patients?

    <p>Impaired cytokine production by macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which complication of diabetes can result in damage to the central nervous system?

    <p>Diabetic neuropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for much of the morbidity and mortality in diabetes?

    <p>Long-term effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the most common causes of mortality in long-standing diabetes?

    <p>Myocardial infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long after the onset of hyperglycemia do chronic complications typically appear in diabetes?

    <p>15-20 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of mortality in long-standing diabetes according to the text?

    <p>Myocardial infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of diabetes are the long-term effects, rather than acute metabolic complications, responsible for much of the morbidity and mortality?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is shown to attenuate end-organ damage in prospective studies related to diabetes complications?

    <p>Effective glycemic control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the earliest manifestation of diabetic nephropathy?

    <p>Microalbuminuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethnic groups have a greater risk of developing end-stage renal disease due to diabetes?

    <p>Hispanics and African Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the leading cause of adult blindness in the United States?

    <p>Diabetic retinopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lesion of retinopathy is induced by hypoxia and VEGF expression in the retina?

    <p>Neovascularization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately what percentage of patients with diabetes develop some form of diabetic retinopathy 15 to 20 years after diagnosis?

    <p>70% to 90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current treatment for diabetic retinopathy?

    <p>Antiangiogenic agents blocking VEGF action</p> Signup and view all the answers

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