Diabetic Neuropathy and Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetes

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Questions and Answers

Which condition in diabetic patients contributes to visual impairment?

  • Diabetic nephropathy
  • Diabetic neuropathy
  • Glaucoma (correct)
  • Tuberculosis

What is the common pattern of polyneuropathy seen in diabetic patients affecting both motor and sensory function?

  • Cranial nerve mononeuropathy
  • Distal asymmetric polyneuropathy
  • Proximal symmetric polyneuropathy
  • Distal symmetric polyneuropathy (correct)

What may be the first event in a long series of complications ultimately leading to death in an individual with diabetic neuropathy?

  • Tuberculosis
  • Bacteremia
  • Pneumonia
  • Gangrene (correct)

Which of the following is commonly affected in diabetic patients by autonomic neuropathy?

<p>Bladder function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to enhanced susceptibility to infections in diabetic patients?

<p>Impaired cytokine production by macrophages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which complication of diabetes can result in damage to the central nervous system?

<p>Diabetic neuropathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for much of the morbidity and mortality in diabetes?

<p>Long-term effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the most common causes of mortality in long-standing diabetes?

<p>Myocardial infarction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long after the onset of hyperglycemia do chronic complications typically appear in diabetes?

<p>15-20 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of mortality in long-standing diabetes according to the text?

<p>Myocardial infarction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of diabetes are the long-term effects, rather than acute metabolic complications, responsible for much of the morbidity and mortality?

<p>Type 2 diabetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is shown to attenuate end-organ damage in prospective studies related to diabetes complications?

<p>Effective glycemic control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the earliest manifestation of diabetic nephropathy?

<p>Microalbuminuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethnic groups have a greater risk of developing end-stage renal disease due to diabetes?

<p>Hispanics and African Americans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading cause of adult blindness in the United States?

<p>Diabetic retinopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lesion of retinopathy is induced by hypoxia and VEGF expression in the retina?

<p>Neovascularization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately what percentage of patients with diabetes develop some form of diabetic retinopathy 15 to 20 years after diagnosis?

<p>70% to 90% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current treatment for diabetic retinopathy?

<p>Antiangiogenic agents blocking VEGF action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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