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Questions and Answers
What is a common cause of DKA?
Which of the following is a risk factor for HHS?
What is a common physical stress that can lead to DKA?
Which of the following medications can increase the risk of DKA?
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Which demographic group is at a higher risk for HHS?
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What is a common complication of DKA and HHS?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of HHS?
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What is a common electrolyte disturbance in DKA and HHS?
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Which of the following can be a fatal complication of DKA and HHS?
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What is a characteristic of Kussmaul respirations in DKA?
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Study Notes
Causes of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)
- Physical stress on the body can lead to DKA and HHS
- Underlying causes of DKA and HHS include:
- Injury
- Illness
- Infection
- Surgery
- Excessive alcohol use
- New onset diabetes
- Elevated HbA1C
- Illicit drug use
- Noncompliance with insulin therapy
- Certain medications can trigger DKA and HHS, including:
- Corticosteroids
- Antipsychotics
- Antidepressants
Risk Factors for DKA
- Age: 13-25 years old
- Female gender
- History of previous DKA episodes
Risk Factors for HHS
- Age: older than 65 years old
- Racial and ethnic groups at higher risk:
- African Americans
- Native Americans
- Hispanics
- Morbid obesity
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Characterized by metabolic acidosis
- Symptoms include muscle weakness and dehydration leading to decreased cardiac output
- Electrolyte imbalance and loss of electrolytes occur
- Cardiac complications include cardiac arrhythmias
Complications of DKA
- Decreased perfusion to the kidneys
- Kussmaul respirations (abnormal breathing pattern)
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS)
- Profound neurological manifestations occur
- Severe dehydration and muscle weakness
- High risk of thromboembolic disease (blood clots)
- Decreased perfusion to the kidneys and electrolyte loss
- Cardiac arrhythmias can occur
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Description
Identify the risk factors associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS). This quiz covers various medical conditions, demographics, and lifestyle factors that contribute to the development of DKA and HHS.
