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Questions and Answers
What are the classic symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus?
Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by absolute insulin deficiency?
What are the microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus?
What laboratory investigation is used to detect glycosuria & ketonuria in diabetes mellitus?
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Which type of diabetes mellitus appears during pregnancy and disappears after labor?
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Study Notes
Classic Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus
- Increased thirst (polydipsia) and frequent urination (polyuria) are common due to excess glucose in the bloodstream.
- Increased hunger (polyphagia) occurs as cells fail to absorb glucose properly.
- Unexplained weight loss may happen as the body starts to break down fat and muscle for energy.
- Fatigue and weakness can result from the body’s inability to utilize glucose efficiently.
Type of Diabetes Characterized by Absolute Insulin Deficiency
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is marked by complete lack of insulin production due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
Microvascular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
- Diabetic retinopathy affects the eyes, leading to vision impairment or blindness.
- Diabetic nephropathy results in kidney damage and potential renal failure.
- Diabetic neuropathy impacts nerve function, causing pain, tingling, or loss of sensation, especially in extremities.
Laboratory Investigations for Glycosuria and Ketonuria
- Urinalysis is utilized to detect glycosuria (glucose in urine) and ketonuria (ketones in urine), indicating poor glucose control in diabetes.
Type of Diabetes Associated with Pregnancy
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus occurs during pregnancy, characterized by glucose intolerance, and usually resolves after childbirth.
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Description
Test your knowledge of diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic syndrome characterized by disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. This quiz covers the types of diabetes, patient clinical symptoms, and complications associated with the condition.
