Diabetes Mellitus Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

  • Hyperinsulinemia
  • Absolute deficit in insulin secretion (correct)
  • Insulin resistance
  • Impaired interaction with target cells

Which of the following acute complications of diabetes is life-threatening and occurs without ketoacidosis?

  • Chronic hyperglycaemia
  • Hyperglycaemic ketoacidotic coma
  • Hyperosmolar coma (correct)
  • Impaired physical development

What distinguishes type 2 diabetes mellitus from type 1 diabetes mellitus?

  • Absolute insulin deficiency
  • Insulin resistance (correct)
  • Destruction of B-cells
  • Hyperinsulinemia

Which organ is particularly affected by chronic hyperglycaemia in diabetes mellitus?

<p>Kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms associated with severe hyperglycaemia in diabetes?

<p>Reduced visual acuity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the modern classification of diabetes mellitus by WHO, which group includes gestational diabetes mellitus?

<p>Other specific forms of diabetes mellitus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main link in the pathogenesis of type 1 DM?

<p>Inflammation in the islets of Langerhans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are B-cells predominantly destroyed in type 1 DM?

<p>Apoptosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following genetic combinations is associated with a high risk of developing type 1 DM?

<p>DR3 and DR4 genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells show a genetically determined imbalance in type 1 DM?

<p>Immune cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What autoimmune disease is NOT mentioned as being associated with type 1 DM in the text?

<p>Psoriasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do HLA genes have in identifying possible genetic markers for type 1 DM?

<p>They determine potential risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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