Diabetes medications
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Questions and Answers

Sitagliptin (Januvia) functions by accomplishing what action?

  • Inhibiting glucagon secretion
  • Increasing gastric emptying
  • Decreasing carbohydrate absorption
  • Stimulating insulin secretion (correct)

What is the typical route of administration for Sitagliptin?

  • Inhalation
  • Subcutaneous
  • Intravenous
  • Oral (correct)

Sitagliptin is used as a treatment for what condition?

  • Insipidus diabetes
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Type 2 diabetes (correct)

Pramlintide acetate is categorized as what type of medication?

<p>Amylin analog (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Amylin analogs are typically prescribed when patients cannot achieve optimal glucose control with which treatment?

<p>Insulin therapy alone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists?

<p>Mimicking the incretin effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is classified as a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist?

<p>Exenatide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The incretin effect primarily results in what?

<p>Increased insulin secretion after oral glucose intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What route of glucose intake leads to a more pronounced incretin effect?

<p>Oral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of an enhanced incretin effect?

<p>Reduced blood sugar levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sitagliptin (Januvia)

Stimulates insulin secretion.

Sitagliptin route

Administered orally.

Sitagliptin use case

Used in Type 2 diabetes, alongside diet and exercise.

Pramlintide use case

Used in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.

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Pramlintide additional benefit

Used when optimal glucose control isn't achieved with insulin alone.

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GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

Mimic the action of incretins, enhancing insulin release and reducing glucagon secretion.

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Exenatide

An example of a GLP-1 receptor agonist, used to manage blood sugar.

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Incretin Effect

Increased insulin release with oral glucose intake, compared to IV.

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What do incretins do?

They enhance insulin release and decrease glucagon secretion.

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How does Exenatide work?

Mimics incretins to manage blood sugar levels, specifically by improving insulin secretion when glucose levels are high and reducing the amount of glucagon secreted.

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Study Notes

  • Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
  • Sitagliptin (Januvia) stimulates insulin secretion
  • Indicated for Type 2 diabetes
  • Used in addition to exercise and diet regimen
  • Administered orally
  • Amylin Analogs
  • Patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes that can not achieve optimal glucose control with insulin therapy alone may benefit
  • Pramlintide acetate
  • Glucagonlike Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (Incretin mimetics)
  • Exenatide
  • Incretin effect
  • Results in increased insulin secretion
  • Occurs when glucose is consumed orally versus intravenously

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Description

Overview of medications for diabetes including dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, amylin analogs and glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonists. Focus on mechanism of action and when each is indicated.

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