Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which dosage form was pulled from the market due to falling to achieve body's requirements and contraindications in respiratory conditions?
Which dosage form was pulled from the market due to falling to achieve body's requirements and contraindications in respiratory conditions?
- Subcutaneous (S.C)
- Intravenous (IV)
- Inhaled form produced by Pfizer (correct)
- Oral form
What is the most important difference between Type l DM and Type ll DM?
What is the most important difference between Type l DM and Type ll DM?
- Type l DM is due to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance, while Type ll DM is due to decreased normal insulin level
- Type l DM is due to decreased normal insulin level, while Type ll DM is due to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance
- Type l DM is due to insulin resistance, while Type ll DM is due to insulin deficiency and increased normal insulin level
- Type l DM is due to insulin deficiency, while Type ll DM is due to insulin resistance and decreased normal insulin level (correct)
Which class of insulin is used for achieving a basal level of insulin to avoid Ketoacidosis?
Which class of insulin is used for achieving a basal level of insulin to avoid Ketoacidosis?
- Rapid-acting (Lispro and Aspart)
- Short-acting (Regular Insulin)
- Long-acting (Insulin Glargine) (correct)
- Intermediate-acting (NPH and Lente insulins)
Which type of insulin has faster action compared to Regular Insulin?
Which type of insulin has faster action compared to Regular Insulin?
Which insulin should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to its faster action?
Which insulin should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to its faster action?
What is a side effect of insulin usage?
What is a side effect of insulin usage?
How are insulin units measured?
How are insulin units measured?
What does Metformin, a biguanide, commonly cause?
What does Metformin, a biguanide, commonly cause?
What do insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate?
What do insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate?
What do alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit?
What do alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit?
What do thiazolidinediones increase?
What do thiazolidinediones increase?
What is the expiration date of insulin crucial for?
What is the expiration date of insulin crucial for?
What does NPH insulin control?
What does NPH insulin control?
What is a potential side effect of metformin usage in heart failure?
What is a potential side effect of metformin usage in heart failure?
What are anti-diabetic agents classified based on?
What are anti-diabetic agents classified based on?
What is the stage in heart failure that affects metformin usage?
What is the stage in heart failure that affects metformin usage?
Which class of insulin is used for achieving a basal level of insulin to avoid Ketoacidosis?
Which class of insulin is used for achieving a basal level of insulin to avoid Ketoacidosis?
Which type of insulin has faster action compared to Regular Insulin?
Which type of insulin has faster action compared to Regular Insulin?
Which dosage form was pulled from the market due to falling to achieve body's requirements and contraindications in respiratory conditions?
Which dosage form was pulled from the market due to falling to achieve body's requirements and contraindications in respiratory conditions?
What is the most important treatment consideration for Type l DM?
What is the most important treatment consideration for Type l DM?
Which of the following is a side effect of thiazolidinediones?
Which of the following is a side effect of thiazolidinediones?
What is the mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol?
What is the mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol?
What is the most common side effect of metformin usage?
What is the most common side effect of metformin usage?
What is the primary mechanism of action of insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides?
What is the primary mechanism of action of insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides?
What is the effect of intermediate-acting insulin (NPH)?
What is the effect of intermediate-acting insulin (NPH)?
What is the primary concern related to the expiration date of insulin?
What is the primary concern related to the expiration date of insulin?
What is the primary consideration for insulin and diabetic therapies?
What is the primary consideration for insulin and diabetic therapies?
What is the primary effect of insulin and diabetic therapies?
What is the primary effect of insulin and diabetic therapies?
What is the primary impact of insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides?
What is the primary impact of insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides?
How are insulin units measured?
How are insulin units measured?
What is the primary impact of metformin in heart failure?
What is the primary impact of metformin in heart failure?
What is the primary consideration for the timing of regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart?
What is the primary consideration for the timing of regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart?
Type ll DM is due to insulin resistance as well decreased in normal insulin level. It means that amount of insulin doesn’t match with body needs in case of ______
Type ll DM is due to insulin resistance as well decreased in normal insulin level. It means that amount of insulin doesn’t match with body needs in case of ______
Rapid-acting (Lispro and Aspart) are faster of action rather than ______ Insulin, A Qs may come as; Q/ which one of the following has faster action
Rapid-acting (Lispro and Aspart) are faster of action rather than ______ Insulin, A Qs may come as; Q/ which one of the following has faster action
Inhaled form that is produced by P zer, used for 3 up to 4 years then was pulled from the market because of falling to achieve body’s requirements as well its contraindications in respiratory conditions i.e ______
Inhaled form that is produced by P zer, used for 3 up to 4 years then was pulled from the market because of falling to achieve body’s requirements as well its contraindications in respiratory conditions i.e ______
Dosage forms are IMPORTANT ( We have two dosage forms that the most commonly used: 1- Subcutaneous (S.C) and 2- IV) - Inhaled form that is produced by P zer, used for 3 up to 4 years then was pulled from the market because of falling to achieve body’s requirements as well its contraindications in respiratory conditions i.e ______
Dosage forms are IMPORTANT ( We have two dosage forms that the most commonly used: 1- Subcutaneous (S.C) and 2- IV) - Inhaled form that is produced by P zer, used for 3 up to 4 years then was pulled from the market because of falling to achieve body’s requirements as well its contraindications in respiratory conditions i.e ______
Regular ______ and fast-acting ______s like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
Regular ______ and fast-acting ______s like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and ______
Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and ______
Intermediate-acting ______ (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
Intermediate-acting ______ (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose ______
Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose ______
Insulin units are measured in ______, with 1CC containing 100U
Insulin units are measured in ______, with 1CC containing 100U
Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened ______
Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened ______
Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and ______ inhibitors
Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and ______ inhibitors
Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and ______ toxicity
Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and ______ toxicity
Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin ______
Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin ______
Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and ______ function
Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and ______ function
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with ______ as a side effect
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with ______ as a side effect
Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a ______ first
Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a ______ first
Flashcards
When to take fast-acting insulin?
When to take fast-acting insulin?
Fast-acting insulins, like Lispro and Aspart, work quickly and should be taken with the first bite of food to help control blood sugar after meals.
What are the main side effects of insulin?
What are the main side effects of insulin?
Insulin can lower blood sugar too much, causing hypoglycemia. Other side effects include weight gain, skin reactions at injection sites, and fat deposits under the skin (lipodystrophies).
What is the purpose of intermediate-acting insulin?
What is the purpose of intermediate-acting insulin?
Intermediate-acting insulin, like NPH, is used to control blood sugar levels throughout the day, especially after meals.
Why is diabetes treatment considered personalized medicine?
Why is diabetes treatment considered personalized medicine?
Diabetes management is tailored to each individual, considering their specific needs, lifestyle, and medication responses. It involves careful education about dosage, timing, and regular blood glucose monitoring.
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How are insulin units measured?
How are insulin units measured?
Insulin units are measured in units per milliliter (units/ml). One cubic centimeter (1 CC) contains 100 units of insulin.
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Why is the expiration date of insulin important?
Why is the expiration date of insulin important?
The expiration date of insulin is crucial for its effectiveness and safety. Storage conditions and whether the vial is opened or not impact its shelf life.
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How are anti-diabetic medications classified?
How are anti-diabetic medications classified?
Anti-diabetic medications are grouped by how they work to control blood sugar. This includes insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors.
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How do insulin secretagogues work, and what are their side effects?
How do insulin secretagogues work, and what are their side effects?
Insulin secretagogues, like sulfonylureas and meglitinides, stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin. Side effects can include low blood sugar, weight gain, and liver problems.
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What is the mechanism of action of metformin, and what are its side effects?
What is the mechanism of action of metformin, and what are its side effects?
Metformin, a biguanide, reduces the liver's production of glucose and helps the body use glucose more effectively. Common side effects include diarrhea and potential vitamin B12 deficiency.
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How is metformin use evaluated in patients with heart failure?
How is metformin use evaluated in patients with heart failure?
Metformin use in heart failure is complex and depends on the severity of the heart failure and kidney function. A healthcare professional should evaluate each case individually.
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How do alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work, and what are their contraindications and side effects?
How do alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work, and what are their contraindications and side effects?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, like Acarbose and Miglitol, slow down the breakdown of carbohydrates in the gut. They are not suitable if you have inflammatory bowel disease, ulceration, or intestinal obstruction. Flatulence is a common side effect.
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How do thiazolidinediones work, and what are their side effects?
How do thiazolidinediones work, and what are their side effects?
Thiazolidinediones increase the body's sensitivity to insulin, improving its response to insulin. However, they can cause water retention. For patients with cardiovascular problems, their use should be carefully assessed by a cardiologist.
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What is regular insulin?
What is regular insulin?
Regular insulin is a type of insulin that is absorbed slowly and has a longer duration of action.
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What are Lispro and Aspart?
What are Lispro and Aspart?
Lispro and Aspart are examples of fast-acting insulins that work rapidly and are given with meals to control blood sugar.
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What is insulin?
What is insulin?
Insulin is a hormone that helps the body use glucose for energy.
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What is hypoglycemia?
What is hypoglycemia?
Hypoglycemia is a condition where blood sugar levels drop too low. It is a common side effect of insulin and certain diabetic medications.
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What is lipodystrophy?
What is lipodystrophy?
Lipodystrophy is a buildup of fat or loss of fat under the skin, which can be a side effect of insulin injections.
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What is NPH insulin?
What is NPH insulin?
NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that provides a longer-lasting blood sugar control than fast-acting insulins.
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What are postprandial glucose levels?
What are postprandial glucose levels?
Postprandial glucose levels refer to blood sugar levels measured after a meal.
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What is personalized medicine in diabetes?
What is personalized medicine in diabetes?
Personalized medicine in diabetes involves tailoring treatment plans to the individual's unique needs, lifestyle, and medication responses.
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What are sulfonylureas and meglitinides?
What are sulfonylureas and meglitinides?
Sulfonylureas and meglitinides are types of medications that stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin to lower blood sugar.
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What is metformin?
What is metformin?
Metformin is a commonly used oral medication that helps reduce the liver's production of glucose and improves the body's use of insulin.
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What are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
What are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, like acarbose and miglitol, slow down the breakdown of carbohydrates in the gut, helping to control blood sugar after meals.
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What are thiazolidinediones?
What are thiazolidinediones?
Thiazolidinediones are medications that make the body more sensitive to insulin, improving its response to the hormone.
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What are GLP-1 agonists?
What are GLP-1 agonists?
GLP-1 agonists are a class of medications that mimic the natural hormone GLP-1, which helps regulate blood sugar.
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What are DPP-4 inhibitors?
What are DPP-4 inhibitors?
DPP-4 inhibitors are medications that block the enzyme DPP-4, which breaks down GLP-1, helping to maintain higher levels of GLP-1 for better blood sugar control.
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What are SGLT2 inhibitors?
What are SGLT2 inhibitors?
SGLT2 inhibitors are medications that block the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, helping to lower blood sugar by eliminating excess glucose in the urine.
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Why is diabetes management considered personalized medicine?
Why is diabetes management considered personalized medicine?
Insulin and diabetic therapies are tailored to each individual, considering their specific needs, lifestyle, and medication responses.
Signup and view all the flashcardsStudy Notes
Diabetes Medication and Treatment Summary
- Regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
- Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and lipodystrophies
- Intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
- Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose testing
- Insulin units are measured in units/ml, with 1CC containing 100U
- Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened or not
- Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors
- Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and liver toxicity
- Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin B12
- Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and kidney function
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with flatulence as a side effect
- Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a cardiologist first
Diabetes Medication and Treatment Summary
- Regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
- Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and lipodystrophies
- Intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
- Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose testing
- Insulin units are measured in units/ml, with 1CC containing 100U
- Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened or not
- Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors
- Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and liver toxicity
- Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin B12
- Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and kidney function
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with flatulence as a side effect
- Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a cardiologist first
Diabetes Medication and Treatment Summary
- Regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
- Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and lipodystrophies
- Intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
- Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose testing
- Insulin units are measured in units/ml, with 1CC containing 100U
- Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened or not
- Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors
- Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and liver toxicity
- Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin B12
- Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and kidney function
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with flatulence as a side effect
- Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a cardiologist first
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