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مراجعه فارما
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مراجعه فارما

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Questions and Answers

Which dosage form was pulled from the market due to falling to achieve body's requirements and contraindications in respiratory conditions?

  • Subcutaneous (S.C)
  • Intravenous (IV)
  • Inhaled form produced by Pfizer (correct)
  • Oral form
  • What is the most important difference between Type l DM and Type ll DM?

  • Type l DM is due to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance, while Type ll DM is due to decreased normal insulin level
  • Type l DM is due to decreased normal insulin level, while Type ll DM is due to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance
  • Type l DM is due to insulin resistance, while Type ll DM is due to insulin deficiency and increased normal insulin level
  • Type l DM is due to insulin deficiency, while Type ll DM is due to insulin resistance and decreased normal insulin level (correct)
  • Which class of insulin is used for achieving a basal level of insulin to avoid Ketoacidosis?

  • Rapid-acting (Lispro and Aspart)
  • Short-acting (Regular Insulin)
  • Long-acting (Insulin Glargine) (correct)
  • Intermediate-acting (NPH and Lente insulins)
  • Which type of insulin has faster action compared to Regular Insulin?

    <p>Rapid-acting (Lispro and Aspart)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insulin should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to its faster action?

    <p>Lispro insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a side effect of insulin usage?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are insulin units measured?

    <p>Units/ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Metformin, a biguanide, commonly cause?

    <p>Diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate?

    <p>Pancreatic insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit?

    <p>Intestinal alpha-glucosidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do thiazolidinediones increase?

    <p>Insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expiration date of insulin crucial for?

    <p>Potency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does NPH insulin control?

    <p>Postprandial glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential side effect of metformin usage in heart failure?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are anti-diabetic agents classified based on?

    <p>Mechanisms of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage in heart failure that affects metformin usage?

    <p>Stage 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of insulin is used for achieving a basal level of insulin to avoid Ketoacidosis?

    <p>Long-acting (Insulin Glargine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of insulin has faster action compared to Regular Insulin?

    <p>Rapid-acting (Lispro and Aspart)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dosage form was pulled from the market due to falling to achieve body's requirements and contraindications in respiratory conditions?

    <p>Inhaled form produced by Pfizer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important treatment consideration for Type l DM?

    <p>Insulin therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of thiazolidinediones?

    <p>Water retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol?

    <p>Inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common side effect of metformin usage?

    <p>Diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides?

    <p>Stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of intermediate-acting insulin (NPH)?

    <p>Control postprandial glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern related to the expiration date of insulin?

    <p>Impact on potency and effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration for insulin and diabetic therapies?

    <p>Personalized medicine with education on dose, timing, and blood glucose testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of insulin and diabetic therapies?

    <p>Control of postprandial glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides?

    <p>Control of postprandial glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are insulin units measured?

    <p>Units/ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of metformin in heart failure?

    <p>Dependent on the stage of heart failure and kidney function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration for the timing of regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart?

    <p>At the same time as the first bite of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Type ll DM is due to insulin resistance as well decreased in normal insulin level. It means that amount of insulin doesn’t match with body needs in case of ______

    <p>obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rapid-acting (Lispro and Aspart) are faster of action rather than ______ Insulin, A Qs may come as; Q/ which one of the following has faster action

    <p>Regular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inhaled form that is produced by P zer, used for 3 up to 4 years then was pulled from the market because of falling to achieve body’s requirements as well its contraindications in respiratory conditions i.e ______

    <p>COPD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dosage forms are IMPORTANT ( We have two dosage forms that the most commonly used: 1- Subcutaneous (S.C) and 2- IV) - Inhaled form that is produced by P zer, used for 3 up to 4 years then was pulled from the market because of falling to achieve body’s requirements as well its contraindications in respiratory conditions i.e ______

    <p>COPD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regular ______ and fast-acting ______s like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action

    <p>insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and ______

    <p>lipodystrophies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intermediate-acting ______ (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels

    <p>insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose ______

    <p>testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin units are measured in ______, with 1CC containing 100U

    <p>units/ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened ______

    <p>or not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and ______ inhibitors

    <p>SGLT2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and ______ toxicity

    <p>liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin ______

    <p>B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and ______ function

    <p>kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with ______ as a side effect

    <p>flatulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a ______ first

    <p>cardiologist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diabetes Medication and Treatment Summary

    • Regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
    • Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and lipodystrophies
    • Intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
    • Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose testing
    • Insulin units are measured in units/ml, with 1CC containing 100U
    • Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened or not
    • Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors
    • Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and liver toxicity
    • Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin B12
    • Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and kidney function
    • Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with flatulence as a side effect
    • Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a cardiologist first

    Diabetes Medication and Treatment Summary

    • Regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
    • Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and lipodystrophies
    • Intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
    • Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose testing
    • Insulin units are measured in units/ml, with 1CC containing 100U
    • Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened or not
    • Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors
    • Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and liver toxicity
    • Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin B12
    • Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and kidney function
    • Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with flatulence as a side effect
    • Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a cardiologist first

    Diabetes Medication and Treatment Summary

    • Regular insulin and fast-acting insulins like Lispro and Aspart should be taken at the same time as the first bite of food due to their faster action
    • Side effects of insulin include hypoglycemia, weight gain, skin rash at injection site, and lipodystrophies
    • Intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) is used to control postprandial glucose levels
    • Insulin and diabetic therapies are considered personalized medicine, with patients educated on dose, timing, and blood glucose testing
    • Insulin units are measured in units/ml, with 1CC containing 100U
    • Expiration date of insulin is crucial, especially in relation to storage and whether it is opened or not
    • Anti-diabetic agents are classified based on their mechanisms of action, including insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors
    • Insulin secretagogues like sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, with side effects including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and liver toxicity
    • Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose utilization, commonly causing diarrhea and potentially decreasing vitamin B12
    • Metformin usage in heart failure depends on the stage of heart failure and kidney function
    • Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like Acarbose and Miglitol inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidase, contraindicated in IBD, colonic ulceration, and intestinal obstruction, with flatulence as a side effect
    • Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity, with water retention as a side effect, and their use in patients with cardiovascular problems should be assessed by a cardiologist first

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of diabetes medication and treatment with this quiz. Learn about insulin types, side effects, expiration, and personalized therapy. Explore the mechanisms and side effects of anti-diabetic agents like sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones.

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